Watercress vs. Cress — What's the Difference?

Watercress and cress are terms that refer to members of the family Brassicaceae. Watercress is a specific type of cress that thrives in aquatic environments such as streams and springs. It is known for its peppery flavor and is often used in salads, sandwiches, and as a garnish. Cress, on the other hand, is a more general term that can refer to other varieties, including garden cress, mustard cress, and land cress, which are grown in soil.

The flavor profile of watercress is distinctive, offering a strong, peppery taste which can be attributed to its high concentration of mustard oils. Cresses, in general, share this peppery characteristic, but their intensity can vary. Watercress is also noted for its round, small leaves and long stems, whereas other cresses, like garden cress, have different leaf shapes and growth habits.

In terms of nutrition, watercress is highly valued for its rich content of vitamins A, C, and K, as well as its potential cancer-fighting properties. While other cresses are also nutritious, the specific nutritional profile varies among the different types. For example, garden cress is high in iron and folate.

Watercress is often consumed fresh and raw, taking advantage of its crisp texture. Other cresses can be eaten the same way but are also used in cooked dishes; garden cress seeds are even used in India as a spice and a thickening agent for soups and stews. This highlights the culinary versatility of cresses.

Cultivation requirements set watercress apart from other cresses. Watercress needs to be grown in flowing water and is often cultivated hydroponically, while other cresses can be grown in well-drained soil, making them easier for casual gardeners to grow at home. This distinction impacts availability, with watercress being less commonly found in typical grocery stores compared to garden cress.