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Chisel vs. Gouge — What's the Difference?

By Urooj Arif & Fiza Rafique — Updated on May 2, 2024
A chisel has a flat blade for carving or cutting hard materials, whereas a gouge features a curved blade ideal for scooping or hollowing out wood.
Chisel vs. Gouge — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Chisel and Gouge

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Key Differences

A chisel is designed with a straight cutting edge which is used primarily for slicing, cutting, and chipping away material. On the other hand, a gouge is recognized by its curved cutting edge, which is specifically useful for creating rounded cuts.
Chisels are most commonly utilized in woodworking, masonry, and metalwork for creating joints, smoothing surfaces, or removing excess material. Whereas gouges are predominantly used in woodworking and carving tasks to create curves, hollows, and rounded grooves.
The blade of a chisel is typically flat and can vary in width, allowing for a range of applications from fine detailing to large scale chipping. In contrast, gouges come in various curvatures, known as sweeps, which determine the type of curve they can carve.
For handling, chisels can be struck with a mallet or used by hand pressure, depending on the precision required and the material's hardness. Gouges might also be used with a mallet, but their unique shape allows for more specialized control when carving arcs and circles.
Sharpening a chisel involves maintaining a straight edge, which is relatively straightforward. Gouges, however, require more skill to sharpen due to their curved edges, necessitating specialized tools like slipstones.
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Comparison Chart

Blade Shape

Flat
Curved (varied sweeps)

Primary Use

Cutting, slicing, chipping
Scooping, hollowing, carving curves

Material Types

Wood, metal, stone
Mainly wood

Sharpening

Straight edge, simpler tools
Curved edge, requires specialized tools

Technique

Used with mallet or hand, versatile applications
Often used with mallet for specific curves

Compare with Definitions

Chisel

A hand tool with a flat cutting edge used for shaping and carving materials.
He used a chisel to carve his name into the wood.

Gouge

A tool with a curved blade used in woodworking and carving.
She used a gouge to hollow out the bowl.

Chisel

A metal tool with a sharpened edge at one end used to chip or cut metal or stone.
The sculptor picked up a chisel to work on the marble.

Gouge

A tool used for scooping or removing areas of wood or soft material.
He used a gouge to smooth the inside of the wooden cup.

Chisel

A tool used in woodworking to create clean joints.
The joiner used a chisel to smooth the edges of the table.

Gouge

A carving tool used to create decorative curves and hollows.
The intricate designs were made using a gouge.

Chisel

A tool for precise cutting and material removal in crafts and construction.
He held the chisel steady as he removed the excess wood.

Gouge

A specialized tool for detailed woodworking, especially in creating rounded cuts.
With precise movements, he used the gouge to carve the circular patterns.

Chisel

A device used to cut or carve hard materials such as bricks or concrete.
With a chisel, the worker shaped the bricks for the walkway.

Gouge

A chisel-like tool designed to make round grooves in wood or stone.
The artist chose a gouge to add texture to his sculpture.

Chisel

A chisel is a tool with a characteristically shaped cutting edge (such that wood chisels have lent part of their name to a particular grind) of blade on its end, for carving or cutting a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal by hand, struck with a mallet, or mechanical power. The handle and blade of some types of chisel are made of metal or of wood with a sharp edge in it.

Gouge

A chisel with a blade that has a rounded, angled, or troughlike indentation along its length.

Chisel

A metal tool with a sharp beveled edge, used to cut and shape stone, wood, or metal.

Gouge

A scooping or digging action, as with such a chisel.

Chisel

To shape or cut with a chisel.

Gouge

A groove or hole scooped with or as if with such a chisel.

Chisel

To cheat or swindle.

Gouge

(Informal) A large amount, as of money, exacted or extorted.

Chisel

To obtain by deception.

Gouge

To cut or scoop out with or as if with a gouge
"He began to gouge a small pattern in the sand with his cane" (Vladimir Nabokov).

Chisel

To use a chisel.

Gouge

To force out the eye of (a person) with one's thumb.

Chisel

To use unethical methods; cheat
"who's up, who's down and who's chiseling on the side" (James Reston).

Gouge

To thrust one's thumb into the eye of.

Chisel

To intrude oneself without welcome
Always tries to chisel in on our conversations.

Gouge

(Informal) To extort from.

Chisel

A cutting tool used to remove parts of stone, wood or metal by pushing or pounding the back when the sharp edge is against the material. It consists of a slim, oblong block of metal with a sharp wedge or bevel formed on one end and sometimes a handle at the other end.

Gouge

(Slang) To swindle.

Chisel

Gravel.

Gouge

Senses relating to cutting tools.

Chisel

Coarse flour; bran; the coarser part of bran or flour.

Gouge

A chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc.

Chisel

(intransitive) To use a chisel.

Gouge

A bookbinder's tool with a curved face, used for blind tooling or gilding.

Chisel

(transitive) To work something with a chisel.
She chiselled a sculpture out of the block of wood.

Gouge

An incising tool that cuts blanks or forms for envelopes, gloves, etc., from leather, paper, or other materials.

Chisel

To cheat, to get something from (someone) by cheating.

Gouge

A cut or groove, as left by a gouge or something sharp.
The nail left a deep gouge in the tire.

Chisel

A tool with a cutting edge on one end of a metal blade, used in dressing, shaping, or working in timber, stone, metal, etc.; - usually driven by a mallet or hammer.

Gouge

An act of gouging.

Chisel

To cut, pare, gouge, or engrave with a chisel; as, to chisel a block of marble into a statue.

Gouge

(slang) A cheat, a fraud; an imposition.

Chisel

To cut close, as in a bargain; to cheat.

Gouge

(slang) An impostor.

Chisel

An edge tool with a flat steel blade with a cutting edge

Gouge

(mining) Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein of ore.

Chisel

Engage in deceitful behavior; practice trickery or fraud;
Who's chiseling on the side?

Gouge

Information.

Chisel

Deprive somebody of something by deceit;
The con-man beat me out of $50
This salesman ripped us off!
We were cheated by their clever-sounding scheme
They chiseled me out of my money

Gouge

(transitive) To make a groove, hole, or mark in by scooping with or as if with a gouge.
Japanese and Chinese printers used to gouge characters in wood.

Chisel

Carve with a chisel;
Chisel the marble

Gouge

(transitive) To cheat or impose upon; in particular, to charge an unfairly or unreasonably high price.
The company has no competition, so it tends to gouge its customers.

Gouge

To dig or scoop (something) out with or as if with a gouge; in particular, to use a thumb to push or try to push the eye (of a person) out of its socket.

Gouge

(intransitive) To use a gouge.

Gouge

A chisel, with a hollow or semicylindrical blade, for scooping or cutting holes, channels, or grooves, in wood, stone, etc.; a similar instrument, with curved edge, for turning wood.

Gouge

A bookbinder's tool for blind tooling or gilding, having a face which forms a curve.

Gouge

An incising tool which cuts forms or blanks for gloves, envelopes, etc. from leather, paper, etc.

Gouge

Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein.

Gouge

The act of scooping out with a gouge, or as with a gouge; a groove or cavity scooped out, as with a gouge.

Gouge

Imposition; cheat; fraud; also, an impostor; a cheat; a trickish person.

Gouge

An impression in a surface (as made by a blow)

Gouge

And edge tool with a blade like a trough for cutting channels or grooves

Gouge

The act of gouging

Gouge

Force with the thumb;
Gouge out his eyes

Gouge

Obtain by coercion or intimidation;
They extorted money from the executive by threatening to reveal his past to the company boss
They squeezed money from the owner of the business by threatening him

Gouge

Make a groove in

Common Curiosities

How do you sharpen a gouge compared to a chisel?

Sharpening a gouge requires specialized tools like slipstones to maintain its curved edge, whereas a chisel can be sharpened with more common sharpening tools due to its straight edge.

What makes a gouge different from a chisel in terms of blade design?

Gouges have a curved blade, which is ideal for scooping and creating rounded cuts, unlike the flat blade of a chisel.

What is the primary use of a chisel?

Chisels are primarily used for cutting, shaping, or carving materials like wood, stone, and metal.

Can a chisel be used on materials other than wood?

Yes, chisels can also be used on metal and stone for various crafting and construction tasks.

What types of chisels are there?

There are several types of chisels, including wood, cold, and masonry chisels, each suited to different materials and tasks.

Can beginners easily use gouges and chisels?

While basic techniques can be learned quickly, mastering the use of chisels and gouges takes practice and skill.

What are the common types of gouges based on their curvature?

Gouges are categorized by their sweep, which ranges from shallow to deep, affecting the curvature of the cuts they make.

Is a mallet necessary for using a gouge?

While not always necessary, a mallet can be used with a gouge for added force, especially when working with hardwood or detailed carvings.

Can gouges be used for tasks other than woodworking?

While primarily designed for woodworking, gouges can occasionally be used in soft stone or clay modeling.

What safety equipment is recommended when using a chisel?

Safety goggles and protective gloves are recommended to protect against chips and debris.

What is the best way to maintain a chisel?

Regular sharpening and proper storage are key to maintaining the effectiveness and longevity of a chisel.

Are there different techniques for using a gouge in woodworking?

Yes, various techniques involve using a gouge to create different effects and textures, depending on the sweep and angle of the tool.

How does the handle design affect the use of chisels and gouges?

The handle design, often tailored to the tool's use, affects the grip and control during carving or cutting tasks.

What are some creative projects that can be done with chisels and gouges?

These tools can be used for everything from intricate carving projects to DIY home improvement tasks involving wood or stone.

What is the historical significance of chisels and gouges?

Both tools have a long history in woodworking and sculpture, dating back to ancient civilizations where they were essential for building and artistic creation.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Urooj Arif
Urooj is a skilled content writer at Ask Difference, known for her exceptional ability to simplify complex topics into engaging and informative content. With a passion for research and a flair for clear, concise writing, she consistently delivers articles that resonate with our diverse audience.
Co-written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.

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