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Torah vs. Bible — What's the Difference?

By Tayyaba Rehman — Updated on October 30, 2023
Torah refers to the first five books of the Hebrew Bible; the Bible encompasses both Old and New Testaments in Christianity.
Torah vs. Bible — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Torah and Bible

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Key Differences

The Torah is a foundational text for Judaism, consisting of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible. These books are also part of the Christian Bible, specifically forming a segment of the Old Testament. The Bible, in contrast, is a collection of sacred texts central to Christianity. It consists of the Old Testament (which includes the Torah) and the New Testament.
The Torah's narratives, laws, and teachings guide the beliefs and practices of the Jewish faith. The Bible, while inclusive of the Torah, extends beyond by incorporating the teachings of Jesus Christ, the Apostles, and other foundational Christian texts.
Each of the Torah's books, from Genesis to Deuteronomy, provides insights into God's covenant with the Israelites. The Bible as a whole addresses God's relationship with humanity, spanning from creation to the prophesied end times.
In essence, while the Torah forms an integral component of the Old Testament, the Bible encompasses a wider array of theological, historical, and spiritual narratives.

Comparison Chart

Scope

First five books of the Hebrew Bible
Includes both Old (including Torah) and New Testaments
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Religious Context

Central to Judaism
Central to Christianity

Content

Laws, narratives, and teachings of Judaism
History, prophecy, gospels, epistles, and more

Language

Originally written in Hebrew
Old Testament in Hebrew, New Testament in Greek

Significance

Chronicles God's covenant with the Israelites
Chronicles God's relationship with all of humanity

Compare with Definitions

Torah

The Torah is the foundational text of Judaism.
Many Jews read from the Torah during weekly Sabbath services.

Bible

The term "Bible" derives from the Greek word "biblia," meaning "books."
The Bible is often referred to as the Good Book due to its spiritual teachings.

Torah

Torah refers to the first five books of the Hebrew Bible.
The Torah begins with Genesis and concludes with Deuteronomy.

Bible

The Bible serves as a guide for faith, practice, and morals for Christians.
Christians turn to the Bible for guidance in times of moral dilemma.

Torah

Torah encompasses the written law and oral traditions of Judaism.
The teachings of the Torah are studied and debated by rabbis and scholars.

Bible

The Bible is the central religious text of Christianity.
The Bible is divided into the Old and New Testaments.

Torah

Torah is a guide for moral and spiritual conduct in the Jewish faith.
By following the commandments in the Torah, believers strengthen their bond with God.

Bible

Bible encompasses scriptures detailing God's interactions with humanity.
The Bible contains various genres, from historical narratives to prophetic visions.

Torah

The word "Torah" means "instruction" or "teaching" in Hebrew.
The Torah provides instruction for living a righteous and meaningful life.

Bible

Bible verses are often memorized and recited in Christian worship.
The 23rd Psalm from the Bible offers comfort and hope to many believers.

Torah

Torah (; Hebrew: תּוֹרָה‎, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") has a range of meanings. It can most specifically mean the first five books (Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses) of the Hebrew Bible, namely (in their commonly used names) Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.

Bible

The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, tà biblía, "the books") is a collection of religious texts, writings, or scriptures sacred in Judaism, Samaritanism, Christianity, Islam, Rastafarianism, and many other faiths. It appears in the form of an anthology, a compilation of texts of a variety of forms that are all linked by the belief that they are collectively revelations of God.

Torah

The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures. See Table at Bible.

Bible

The sacred book of Christianity, a collection of ancient writings including the books of both the Old Testament and the New Testament.

Torah

A scroll of parchment containing the first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, used in a synagogue during services.

Bible

The Hebrew Scriptures, the sacred book of Judaism.

Torah

The entire body of religious law and learning including both sacred literature and oral tradition.

Bible

A particular copy of a Bible
The old family Bible.

Torah

A law; a precept.
A considerable body of priestly Toroth.

Bible

A book or collection of writings constituting the sacred text of a religion.

Torah

Divine instruction; revelation.
Tora, . . . before the time of Malachi, is generally used of the revelations of God's will made through the prophets.

Bible

A book considered authoritative in its field
The bible of French cooking.

Torah

The Pentateuch or "Law of Moses."
The Hebrew Bible is divided into three parts: (1) The Torah, "Law," or Pentateuch. (2) The Prophets (Nevi'im in Hebrew) . . . (3) The Kethubim, or the "Writings," generally termed Hagiographa. From the first letters of these three parts, the word "Tanakh" is derived, and used by Jews as the name of their Bible, the Christian Old Testament.

Bible

A document containing in-depth details about a movie or television series that writers and production staff consult in order to avoid continuity errors.

Torah

The whole body of the Jewish sacred writings and tradition including the oral tradition

Bible

(by extension) A comprehensive manual that describes something, or a publication with a loyal readership.
Handyman’s bible

Torah

The first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

Bible

(nautical) holystone: a piece of sandstone used for scouring wooden decks on ships.

Torah

(Judaism) the scroll of parchment on which the first five books of the Hebrew Scripture is written; is used in a synagogue during services

Bible

(at certain US universities) A compilation of problems and solutions from previous years of a given course, used by some students to cheat on tests or assignments.

Bible

Omasum, the third compartment of the stomach of ruminants

Bible

(locksmithing) The upper part of a pin-tumbler lock, containing the driver pins and springs.

Bible

A book.

Bible

The Book by way of eminence, - that is, the book which is made up of the writings accepted by Christians as of divine origin and authority, whether such writings be in the original language, or translated; the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments; - sometimes in a restricted sense, the Old Testament; as, King James's Bible; Douay Bible; Luther's Bible. Also, the book which is made up of writings similarly accepted by the Jews; as, a rabbinical Bible.

Bible

A book containing the sacred writings belonging to any religion; as, the Koran is often called the Mohammedan Bible.

Bible

A book with an authoritative exposition of some topic, respected by many who are experts in the field.

Bible

The sacred writings of the Christian religions;
He went to carry the Word to the heathen

Bible

A book regarded as authoritative in its field

Common Curiosities

What is the Torah?

The Torah refers to the first five books of the Hebrew Bible central to Judaism.

What is the Bible?

The Bible is the sacred text of Christianity, encompassing both the Old and New Testaments.

Is the Torah part of the Bible?

Yes, the Torah forms part of the Old Testament in the Christian Bible.

Is the content of the Torah the same in the Bible?

The content is generally the same, though translations and interpretations may vary.

Do Christians study the Torah?

Yes, as the Torah is part of the Old Testament, it is studied by Christians.

How many books are in the Torah?

The Torah consists of five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

Who wrote the Torah?

Traditional belief is that Moses wrote the Torah under divine inspiration.

Can the term "Bible" refer to other religious texts?

While "Bible" primarily refers to the Christian scriptures, it can colloquially mean any authoritative book.

How many books are in the Bible?

The Christian Bible typically has 66 books, 39 in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament.

Why is the Torah significant in Judaism?

The Torah contains the laws, narratives, and teachings foundational to Jewish beliefs and practices.

Who wrote the Bible?

The Bible was written by multiple authors over centuries, inspired by God.

Are the commandments in the Torah the same as in the Bible?

Yes, the Ten Commandments in the Torah appear in the Bible's Old Testament.

Why is the Bible significant for Christians?

The Bible provides the teachings, history, and prophecies foundational to Christian beliefs and practices.

How is the Torah used in Jewish rituals?

The Torah is read during Jewish worship services, especially on the Sabbath and holidays.

Is the Bible's Old Testament the same as the Jewish Tanakh?

They contain the same books, but the arrangement and some interpretations might differ.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Tayyaba Rehman
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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