Spinet vs. Cembalo — What's the Difference?

The spinet and cembalo represent two facets of the harpsichord family, differentiated mainly by size, sound, and construction details. Spinets, by design, are compact, making them suitable for smaller spaces. They have a single set of strings and usually one keyboard, producing a softer, more intimate sound. This made spinets popular for home use during their peak in the 17th and 18th centuries. On the other hand, the term "cembalo" is often used interchangeably with harpsichord and generally refers to larger instruments that could have multiple keyboards and sets of strings, including a variety of stops to vary the sound. Cembalos are known for their louder, more brilliant tone, making them well-suited for concert settings or as part of an ensemble.

Construction-wise, the spinet's strings are typically set at an angle to the keyboard, utilizing less space, whereas cembalos have strings that run parallel or perpendicular to the keyboard, requiring more room. This arrangement in cembalos allows for a greater resonance and volume, enhancing their performance in larger venues.

The sound quality of spinets is often described as more muted and ethereal, a characteristic that lent itself well to private performances and practice. Cembalos, with their robust construction and larger soundboard, deliver a sound that's rich and full, capturing the complexity of baroque music effectively.

Despite their differences, both instruments played crucial roles in the development of keyboard music. The spinet offered an accessible option for musicians to practice or compose within their homes, while the cembalo dominated concert halls and courts with its commanding presence.