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Skatole vs. Indole — What's the Difference?

By Urooj Arif & Maham Liaqat — Updated on May 5, 2024
Skatole, primarily found in feces and coal tar, has a strong fecal odor, whereas indole, derived from amino acid tryptophan, emits a floral scent and is crucial in perfumery.
Skatole vs. Indole — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Skatole and Indole

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Key Differences

Skatole is a derivative of tryptophan known for its presence in feces and pungent fecal odor. Indole, also a tryptophan derivative, is noted for its floral scent and is commonly used in the perfume industry.
In chemical structure, skatole possesses a methyl group attached to the indole skeleton, impacting its scent and biological role. Indole lacks this substitution, which influences its less intense smell and different chemical properties.
Regarding biological significance, skatole is mainly a byproduct of protein decomposition in the intestines. Indole is produced by bacterial breakdown of tryptophan and plays roles in various biological functions, including as a signaling molecule.
In industrial applications, skatole is used in very low concentrations to add depth to fragrances and flavors. Indole, on the other hand, is a key component in synthesizing fragrances that replicate jasmine and orange blossoms.
Skatole can be found in the essential oils of some flowers and cruciferous vegetables, where it contributes to their aroma when present in minute quantities. Indole, while also present in many flowers, primarily enhances their pleasant and sweet floral notes.
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Comparison Chart

Source

Feces, coal tar
Amino acid tryptophan, floral scents

Odor

Strong fecal odor
Floral scent

Chemical Structure

Methyl group attached to indole ring
Simple indole ring

Biological Role

Byproduct of protein decomposition
Signaling molecule, bacterial breakdown

Usage in Industry

Fragrance depth in low concentrations
Key component in floral fragrances

Compare with Definitions

Skatole

Found in coal tar and used in manufacturing perfumes.
Skatole, despite its natural source, is utilized in perfumery.

Indole

A solid at room temperature.
Indole is typically found as a crystalline solid.

Skatole

A compound with a strong fecal odor, derived from tryptophan.
Skatole is often identified as the primary contributor to the odor of feces.

Indole

A compound with a pleasant floral scent, derived from tryptophan.
Indole is used extensively in perfumes for its appealing aroma.

Skatole

Present in trace amounts in some flowers.
Skatole contributes to the complex scents of certain white flowers.

Indole

Plays a role in plant fragrances and as a flavoring agent.
Indole enriches the floral scents of perfumes and food products.

Skatole

A white crystalline solid at room temperature.
Skatole maintains a solid state under normal conditions.

Indole

Commonly found in jasmine and orange blossoms.
Indole is responsible for much of the characteristic fragrance of jasmine.

Skatole

Used to enhance flavor profiles in very low concentrations.
Skatole is added to some food flavors for its unique properties.

Indole

Used in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals.
Indole's chemical properties make it valuable in drug development.

Skatole

Skatole or 3-methylindole is an organic compound belonging to the indole family. It occurs naturally in the feces of mammals and birds and is the primary contributor to fecal odor.

Indole

Indole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with formula C8H7N. It has a bicyclic structure, consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered pyrrole ring. Indole is widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria.

Skatole

A white crystalline organic compound, C9H9N, with a strong fecal odor, found naturally in feces, civet, coal tar, and certain plants or produced synthetically, used as a fixative in the manufacture of perfume.

Indole

A white crystalline compound, C8H7N, obtained from coal tar or various plants and produced by the bacterial decomposition of tryptophan in the intestine. It is used in perfumes and as a reagent.

Skatole

(organic chemistry) A mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound of the indole family, occurring naturally in faeces and coal tar.

Indole

Any of various derivatives of this compound.

Indole

(organic compound) An organic compound, C8H7N, found in coal tar, and produced in the gut by the bacterial decomposition of tryptophan; it is an aromatic bicyclic heterocycle having a benzene ring fused with a pyrrole ring; indole and its derivatives occur widely in nature and have many industrial applications.

Indole

(organic chemistry) Any of the derivatives of indole1.

Indole

Guileless

Indole

A white, crystalline substance, C8H7N, obtained from blue indigo, and almost all indigo derivatives, by a process of reduction; chemically, it is 2,3-benzopyrrole, a bicyclic heterocyclic compound, having a benzene ring fused to a pyrrole ring. It is also formed from proteinaceous matter, together with skatol, by putrefaction, and by fusion with caustic potash, and is present in human excrement, as well as in the intestinal canal of some herbivora. It is produced in rich growth media by the intestinal bacterium Escherichia coli.

Common Curiosities

Where is indole found naturally?

Indole is present in many plants, especially in jasmine and orange blossoms, and is produced by bacterial breakdown.

What is skatole?

Skatole is a chemical compound known for its strong fecal odor and is a byproduct of protein digestion in the intestines.

What is indole?

Indole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with a pleasant floral scent, derived from the amino acid tryptophan.

Where is skatole found naturally?

Skatole is found in feces, certain flowers, and coal tar.

What roles does indole play in nature?

Indole acts as a signaling molecule in plants and animals and contributes to the aroma of flowers.

Can skatole be harmful?

Skatole can be irritating in higher concentrations but is generally safe in the low levels used in industry.

How are skatole and indole similar?

Both skatole and indole are derived from tryptophan and share a similar indole ring structure.

What are the industrial uses of indole?

Indole is used in perfume manufacturing and as a precursor in pharmaceutical synthesis.

How is skatole synthesized industrially?

Skatole can be synthesized through various chemical reactions including from indole itself.

Why is skatole used in perfumery despite its odor?

In very low concentrations, skatole adds depth and complexity to fragrances.

How does the chemical structure of skatole affect its properties?

The methyl group in skatole's structure contributes to its distinct odor and chemical behavior.

What benefits does indole offer in perfumery?

Indole provides a sweet, floral scent that enhances the quality of perfumes.

What are the safety considerations with indole?

Indole is generally considered safe but should be handled with care in concentrated forms.

Is skatole present in all feces?

Skatole is commonly found in mammalian feces as a result of protein decomposition.

What makes indole a preferred component in floral fragrances?

Its pleasant, jasmine-like scent makes indole ideal for floral perfumes.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Urooj Arif
Urooj is a skilled content writer at Ask Difference, known for her exceptional ability to simplify complex topics into engaging and informative content. With a passion for research and a flair for clear, concise writing, she consistently delivers articles that resonate with our diverse audience.
Co-written by
Maham Liaqat

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