Shawarma vs. Souvlaki — What's the Difference?

Shawarma is traditionally prepared by stacking seasoned meat slices onto a vertical spit, which rotates slowly beside a heat source. The meat, usually lamb, chicken, beef, or a mix, cooks evenly and is shaved off in thin slices. Its marinade includes a complex blend of spices such as cumin, paprika, and turmeric, which imbue it with its distinctive flavor. In contrast, Souvlaki, a Greek fast food staple, involves marinating chunks of meat (commonly pork, chicken, beef, or lamb) before they're skewered and grilled. The marinade is simpler, often featuring olive oil, lemon juice, and oregano, focusing on enhancing the meat's natural flavors.

While Shawarma is often served in a wrap or pita bread, accompanied by tahini, garlic sauce, pickles, and sometimes fries, Souvlaki is typically offered in a similar pita wrap with tzatziki sauce, tomatoes, onions, and fries, or simply on skewers with a side of bread. This difference in serving style reflects each dish's unique cultural background and dining customs.

Another notable difference is the side dishes and condiments that accompany these dishes. Shawarma might come with a side of hummus, tabbouleh, or fattoush, complementing its rich and complex flavors. On the other hand, Souvlaki is often served with Greek salad, tzatziki, and sometimes rice or potatoes, highlighting the freshness and simplicity of Mediterranean cuisine.

The preparation technique also differs significantly. Shawarma's slow-cooking process on a vertical spit ensures that the meat is tender, juicy, and infused with the flavors of its spices. Souvlaki, meanwhile, benefits from the high heat of the grill, which seals in flavors and creates a slightly charred exterior that many find appealing.

The spices and marinades used in Shawarma and Souvlaki not only distinguish their flavors but also reflect their regional origins and the culinary traditions that have influenced these dishes over centuries. Shawarma's spice mix is indicative of Middle Eastern cuisine's love for bold, aromatic flavors, whereas Souvlaki's simpler seasoning speaks to the Mediterranean's preference for highlighting the quality of the ingredients.