Science vs. Religion — What's the Difference?

Science (from Latin scientia 'knowledge') is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.The earliest roots of science can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3000 to 1200 BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to provide explanations of events in the physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages, but was preserved in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age.

Religion is a social-cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that relates humanity to supernatural, transcendental, and spiritual elements; however, there is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion.Different religions may or may not contain various elements ranging from the divine, sacred things, faith, a supernatural being or supernatural beings or "some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life". Religious practices may include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of deities and/or saints), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture.

The observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of phenomena

The belief in and reverence for a supernatural power or powers, regarded as creating and governing the universe

Such activities restricted to a class of natural phenomena

A particular variety of such belief, especially when organized into a system of doctrine and practice

A systematic method or body of knowledge in a given area

A set of beliefs, values, and practices based on the teachings of a spiritual leader.

(Archaic) Knowledge, especially that gained through experience.

The life or condition of a person in a religious order

(countable) A particular discipline or branch of learning, especially one dealing with measurable or systematic principles rather than intuition or natural ability.

A cause, principle, or activity pursued with zeal or conscientious devotion

Specifically the natural sciences.

(uncountable) Belief in a spiritual or metaphysical reality (often including at least one deity), accompanied by practices or rituals pertaining to the belief.

Knowledge gained through study or practice; mastery of a particular discipline or area.

(countable) A particular system of such belief, and the rituals and practices proper to it.

The fact of knowing something; knowledge or understanding of a truth.

(uncountable) The way of life committed to by monks and nuns.

(uncountable) The collective discipline of study or learning acquired through the scientific method; the sum of knowledge gained from such methods and discipline.

Rituals and actions associated with religious beliefs, but considered apart from them.

(uncountable) Knowledge derived from scientific disciplines, scientific method, or any systematic effort.

(countable) Any practice to which someone or some group is seriously devoted.

The scientific community.

Faithfulness to a given principle; conscientiousness.

Synonym of sweet science

Engage in religious practice.

Obsolete spelling of scion

Indoctrinate into a specific religion.

To cause to become versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct.

To make sacred or symbolic; sanctify.

To use science to solve a problem.

The outward act or form by which men indicate their recognition of the existence of a god or of gods having power over their destiny, to whom obedience, service, and honor are due; the feeling or expression of human love, fear, or awe of some superhuman and overruling power, whether by profession of belief, by observance of rites and ceremonies, or by the conduct of life; a system of faith and worship; a manifestation of piety; as, ethical religions; monotheistic religions; natural religion; revealed religion; the religion of the Jews; the religion of idol worshipers.

Knowledge; knowledge of principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts.

Specifically, conformity in faith and life to the precepts inculcated in the Bible, respecting the conduct of life and duty toward God and man; the Christian faith and practice.

Accumulated and established knowledge, which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws; knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical knowledge.

A monastic or religious order subject to a regulated mode of life; the religious state; as, to enter religion.

Especially, such knowledge when it relates to the physical world and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and forces of matter, the qualities and functions of living tissues, etc.; - called also natural science, and physical science.

Strictness of fidelity in conforming to any practice, as if it were an enjoined rule of conduct.

Any branch or department of systematized knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or object of study; as, the science of astronomy, of chemistry, or of mind.

A strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny;

Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the result of knowledge of laws and principles.

Institution to express belief in a divine power;

To cause to become versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct.

A particular branch of scientific knowledge;

Ability to produce solutions in some problem domain;