Scabies vs. Bed Bugs — What's the Difference?

Scabies is an itchy skin condition resulting from infestation by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. These mites burrow into the top layer of human skin to lay their eggs, causing intense itching and a pimple-like rash. On the other hand, bed bugs are small, oval, brownish insects that live off the blood of animals or humans. They are nocturnal pests that hide during the day and emerge at night to feed, leaving behind itchy red welts on the skin.

Scabies mites are microscopic and are rarely seen with the naked eye. They cause symptoms by burrowing into the skin, and their presence is often diagnosed through skin scrapings observed under a microscope. In contrast, bed bugs are visible to the naked eye, about the size of an apple seed, and can often be spotted hiding in mattress seams, bed frames, or other hiding places.

Scabies is highly contagious and can spread quickly through close physical contact in a family, school, or nursing home. Once infected, the symptoms may take up to six weeks to appear, complicating its diagnosis. Bed bugs, however, are not known to transmit diseases, but their bites can lead to skin infections if scratched. The presence of bed bugs is not an indication of cleanliness, as they can be found in immaculate environments as well as places with poor sanitation.

For treatment, scabies often requires prescription creams or oral medications to eliminate the mites and their eggs. Thorough cleaning of bedding and clothing is also recommended. Bed bugs, on the other hand, require a multi-pronged approach, including pesticide treatments, vacuuming, and sometimes heat treatments to eradicate them from an environment.

Finally, prevention is essential for both conditions. For scabies, avoiding close contact with an infected person and regular handwashing can help. For bed bugs, regularly checking and cleaning bedding, mattresses, and nearby furniture can assist in early detection and prevention.