Ask Difference

Rhetoric vs. Argument — What's the Difference?

By Tayyaba Rehman & Fiza Rafique — Updated on September 16, 2023
"Rhetoric" refers to the art of persuasive speaking or writing, often employing stylistic techniques. "Argument" is a logical or reasoned set of premises aiming to support a conclusion.
Rhetoric vs. Argument — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Rhetoric and Argument

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Key Differences

"Rhetoric" is the study and art of effective communication, usually with the intent to persuade an audience. It can involve the use of various techniques, including metaphor, analogy, and other stylistic devices. "Argument," on the other hand, is a structured set of premises designed to support a specific conclusion, often based on logic and evidence.
In "rhetoric," the focus is usually on how the message is delivered, targeting emotional or ethical appeals in addition to logical ones. "Argument" is more concerned with the logical structure and the validity or soundness of the claims being made. While rhetoric might use emotional appeals, an argument seeks to convince through logical reasoning.
From a grammatical standpoint, both "rhetoric" and "argument" primarily function as nouns. However, "to argue" can also be used as a verb, as in "to present an argument," whereas "rhetoric" remains strictly a noun. The grammatical flexibility of "argument" allows for its broader application in language.
In many instances, "rhetoric" and "argument" can overlap. Effective arguments often employ rhetorical techniques to be more persuasive. Conversely, a piece of rhetoric may include well-structured arguments to bolster its persuasive force. In summary, while rhetoric focuses on the style and emotional impact, argument emphasizes logical structure and evidence.

Comparison Chart

Definition

Art of persuasive communication
Logical structure for a conclusion
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Focus

Style and emotional appeal
Logic and evidence

Grammatical Use

Mainly a noun
Mainly a noun, sometimes a verb

Relationship to Audience

Targets emotional or ethical appeals
Targets logical reasoning

Overlap

Can include arguments
Can employ rhetorical techniques

Compare with Definitions

Rhetoric

The art of effective or persuasive communication.
The senator's rhetoric during the debate was compelling.

Argument

A reason or set of reasons given to support a conclusion.
His argument was based on scientific evidence.

Rhetoric

Techniques employed to convince or persuade.
The use of rhetoric was evident in the advertising campaign.

Argument

An exchange of diverging views.
They had an argument about politics.

Rhetoric

The study of principles and rules of composition.
She majored in rhetoric in college.

Argument

A form of discourse where a point is made through reasoning.
Her argument was logically sound.

Rhetoric

Ornate or high-flown language.
The speech was more rhetoric than substance.

Argument

In logic and philosophy, an argument is a series of statements (in a natural language), called the premises or premisses (both spellings are acceptable), intended to determine the degree of truth of another statement, the conclusion. The logical form of an argument in a natural language can be represented in a symbolic formal language, and independently of natural language formally defined "arguments" can be made in math and computer science.

Rhetoric

Rhetoric () is the art of persuasion, which along with grammar and logic (or dialectic – see Martianus Capella), is one of the three ancient arts of discourse. Rhetoric aims to study the techniques writers or speakers utilize to inform, persuade, or motivate particular audiences in specific situations.

Argument

An exchange of diverging or opposite views, typically a heated or angry one
There was some argument about the decision
I've had an argument with my father
Heated arguments over public spending

Rhetoric

The art or study of using language effectively and persuasively.

Argument

A reason or set of reasons given in support of an idea, action or theory
He rejected the argument that keeping the facility would be costly
There is a strong argument for submitting a formal appeal

Rhetoric

A treatise or book discussing this art.

Argument

An independent variable associated with a function or proposition and determining its value. For example, in the expression y = F(x₁, x₂), the arguments of the function F are x₁ and x₂, and the value is y.

Rhetoric

Skill in using language effectively and persuasively.

Argument

Any of the noun phrases in a clause that are related directly to the verb, typically the subject, direct object, and indirect object.

Rhetoric

A style of speaking or writing, especially the language of a particular subject
Fiery political rhetoric.

Argument

A summary of the subject matter of a book.

Rhetoric

Language that is elaborate, pretentious, insincere, or intellectually vacuous
His offers of compromise were mere rhetoric.

Argument

A discussion in which the parties involved express disagreement with one another; a debate
Philosophical arguments over the nature of existence.

Rhetoric

Verbal communication; discourse.

Argument

An angry discussion involving disagreement among the participants; a quarrel
The roommates had an argument about whose turn it was to wash the dishes.

Rhetoric

Synonym of rhetorical.

Argument

(Archaic) A reason or matter for dispute or contention
"sheath'd their swords for lack of argument" (Shakespeare).

Rhetoric

The art of using language, especially public speaking, as a means to persuade.

Argument

A course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating truth or falsehood
Presented a strong argument for the arts in education.

Rhetoric

Meaningless language with an exaggerated style intended to impress.
It’s only so much rhetoric.

Argument

A fact or statement put forth as proof or evidence; a reason
The current low mortgage rates are an argument for buying a house now.

Rhetoric

The art of composition; especially, elegant composition in prose.

Argument

A set of statements in which one follows logically as a conclusion from the others.

Rhetoric

Oratory; the art of speaking with propriety, elegance, and force.

Argument

A summary or short statement of the plot or subject of a literary work.

Rhetoric

Hence, artificial eloquence; fine language or declamation without conviction or earnest feeling.

Argument

A topic; a subject
"You and love are still my argument" (Shakespeare).

Rhetoric

Fig. : The power of persuasion or attraction; that which allures or charms.
Sweet, silent rhetoric of persuading eyes.

Argument

(Logic) The minor premise in a syllogism.

Rhetoric

Using language effectively to please or persuade

Argument

The independent variable of a function.

Rhetoric

High flown style; excessive use of verbal ornamentation

Argument

The angle of a complex number measured from the positive horizontal axis.

Rhetoric

Loud and confused and empty talk;
Mere rhetoric

Argument

(Computers) A value used to evaluate a procedure or subroutine.

Rhetoric

Study of the technique and rules for using language effectively (especially in public speaking)

Argument

(Linguistics) A word, phrase, or clause in a semantic relation with a word or phrase and that helps complete the meaning of that word or phrase, such as a noun phrase that is the object of a verb. The clause that we go is an argument of the verb suggest in the sentence I suggest that we go.

Rhetoric

Skill in using language to influence or persuade.
His rhetoric convinced the audience to take action.

Argument

A fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason.

Argument

A series of propositions organized so that the final proposition is a conclusion which is intended to follow logically from the preceding propositions, which function as premises.

Argument

(countable) A process of reasoning; argumentation.

Argument

(countable) An abstract or summary of the content of a literary work such as a book, a poem or a major section such as a chapter, included in the work before the content itself; (figuratively) the contents themselves.

Argument

(countable) A verbal dispute; a quarrel.
The neighbours got into an argument about the branches of the trees that extended over the fence.

Argument

Any dispute, altercation, or collision.
Steve got in a physical argument with his neighbor and came away with a black eye.
While biking home, he got in an argument with the pavement.

Argument

Any of the phrases that bears a syntactic connection to the verb of a clause.

Argument

The independent variable of a function.

Argument

The phase of a complex number.

Argument

A quantity on which the calculation of another quantity depends.
The altitude is the argument of the refraction.

Argument

A value, or a reference to a value, passed to a function.
Parameters are like labelled fillable blanks used to define a function whereas arguments are passed to a function when calling it, filling in those blanks.

Argument

A parameter at a function call; an actual parameter, as opposed to a formal parameter.

Argument

A matter in question; a business in hand.

Argument

The subject matter of an artistic representation, discourse, or writing; a theme or topic.

Argument

Evidence, proof; (countable) an item of such evidence or proof.

Argument

To put forward as an argument; to argue.

Argument

To adduce evidence, to provide proof.

Argument

Proof; evidence.
There is.. no more palpable and convincing argument of the existence of a Deity.
Why, then, is it made a badge of wit and an argument of parts for a man to commence atheist, and to cast off all belief of providence, all awe and reverence for religion?

Argument

A reason or reasons offered in proof, to induce belief, or convince the mind; reasoning expressed in words; as, an argument about, concerning, or regarding a proposition, for or in favor of it, or against it.

Argument

A process of reasoning, or a controversy made up of rational proofs; argumentation; discussion; disputation.
The argument is about things, but names.

Argument

The subject matter of a discourse, writing, or artistic representation; theme or topic; also, an abstract or summary, as of the contents of a book, chapter, poem.
You and love are still my argument.
The abstract or argument of the piece.
[Shields] with boastful argument portrayed.

Argument

Matter for question; business in hand.
Sheathed their swords for lack of argument.

Argument

The quantity on which another quantity in a table depends; as, the altitude is the argument of the refraction.

Argument

The independent variable upon whose value that of a function depends.

Argument

To make an argument; to argue.

Argument

A fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true;
It was a strong argument that his hypothesis was true

Argument

A contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement;
They were involved in a violent argument

Argument

A discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal;
The argument over foreign aid goes on and on

Argument

A summary of the subject or plot of a literary work or play or movie;
The editor added the argument to the poem

Argument

A variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value determines the dependent variable; if f(x)=y, x is the independent variable

Argument

A summary of the subject matter in a book or document.
The argument of the essay was outlined in the introduction.

Argument

A mathematical relationship expressed in symbols.
The argument in the equation was well-defined.

Common Curiosities

What does Argument mean?

Argument refers to a set of logical reasons presented to support a conclusion.

Does an Argument need to be logical?

Ideally, an argument should be logical to be convincing.

What does Rhetoric mean?

Rhetoric refers to the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing.

Can Rhetoric include Arguments?

Yes, rhetoric often includes arguments to bolster its effectiveness.

Is Argument a noun or a verb?

Argument is primarily a noun but can also be used as a verb.

Is Rhetoric always persuasive?

Rhetoric aims to be persuasive but may not always succeed.

Can Arguments employ Rhetoric?

Yes, arguments can use rhetorical techniques to be more persuasive.

Is Argument subjective or objective?

Argument aims to be objective, based on facts and logic.

Can Arguments be informal?

Yes, arguments can be presented in both formal and informal contexts.

Is Rhetoric a noun or a verb?

Rhetoric is primarily a noun.

Are emotional appeals part of Rhetoric?

Yes, emotional appeals are often used in rhetoric.

Can Rhetoric be formal?

Yes, rhetoric can be employed in formal settings like debates and lectures.

Do Arguments use emotional appeals?

Arguments focus more on logic, although they can employ emotional appeals.

Which is more focused on style, Rhetoric or Argument?

Rhetoric is more focused on style and presentation.

Is Rhetoric subjective or objective?

Rhetoric often aims to appeal to subjective emotions or values.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Tayyaba Rehman
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.
Co-written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.

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