Ask Difference

Mean vs. Median — What's the Difference?

By Tayyaba Rehman — Updated on September 21, 2023
The mean is the average of all numbers in a set, while the median is the middle number of a sorted, ascending, or descending, list of numbers.
Mean vs. Median — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Mean and Median

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Key Differences

The mean and the median are two measures of central tendency that describe a dataset. The mean, or the average, is calculated by adding all the numbers in a dataset and then dividing by the number of items in the set. It provides a single value representing the center of the data. However, the median is the middle value of a dataset when it is ordered from least to greatest, dividing the data into two equal halves, providing a measure that is not skewed by outliers.
Calculating the mean requires every value in the dataset, reflecting the overall trend of the dataset, but it is sensitive to extreme values or outliers, which can significantly affect the result. The median, in contrast, is not affected by extreme values as it solely depends on the order of values, making it a more accurate reflection of the dataset’s center when dealing with skewed distributions.
When interpreting datasets, the mean is useful for understanding the overall distribution and identifying patterns, and it is suitable for interval and ratio data. However, its susceptibility to extreme values can sometimes misrepresent the center of the dataset. The median is more reliable for ordinal data and in situations where the dataset is skewed, as it accurately represents the center of the data without being influenced by outliers.
The mean is an algebraic concept, easily manipulated mathematically, allowing it to be used in various statistical analyses and calculations. The median, on the other hand, is a positional value, providing a more resistant measure of central tendency, especially useful when comparing datasets with outliers or skewed distributions.
While both the mean and the median offer insights into the center of the dataset, their applicability and reliability vary depending on the nature of the dataset and the presence of extreme values. The mean is algebraically tractable but can be misleading with skewed data, whereas the median is more robust to skewness and outliers but is not as algebraically manipulable.
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Comparison Chart

Calculation

Sum of all numbers in a set divided by the count of numbers in the set.
Middle number in a sorted, ascending or descending, list of numbers.

Sensitivity to Outliers

Sensitive to extreme values.
Not affected by extreme values.

Data Types

Suitable for interval and ratio data.
More reliable for ordinal data.

Mathematical Manipulation

Algebraically tractable.
Not easily algebraically manipulated.

Representation

Can misrepresent the center of skewed datasets.
More accurately represents the center of skewed datasets.

Compare with Definitions

Mean

The mean represents the central point in a data set.
A mean score of 75 represents the central tendency of the test scores.

Median

The median is the middle number of a sorted list of numbers.
The median of 1, 3, and 5 is 3, as it is the middle number.

Mean

The mean is sensitive to extreme values in the dataset.
A single outlier can significantly alter the mean value of a data set.

Median

The median provides a robust measure of central tendency for skewed distributions.
The median value accurately represents the center of a skewed data set, undistorted by extreme values.

Mean

There are several kinds of mean in mathematics, especially in statistics: For a data set, the arithmetic mean, also known as average or arithmetic average, is a central value of a finite set of numbers: specifically, the sum of the values divided by the number of values. The arithmetic mean of a set of numbers x1, x2, ..., xn is typically denoted by x ¯ {\displaystyle {\bar {x}}} .

Median

In statistics and probability theory, the median is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution. For a data set, it may be thought of as "the middle" value.

Mean

Intend to convey or refer to (a particular thing); signify
I don't know what you mean
I meant you, not Jones
He was asked to clarify what his remarks meant

Median

Relating to, located in, or extending toward the middle.

Mean

Intend (something) to occur or be the case
It was meant to be a secret
They mean no harm

Median

(Anatomy) Of, relating to, or situated in or near the plane that divides a bilaterally symmetrical animal into right and left halves; mesial.

Mean

Have as a consequence or result
The proposals are likely to mean another hundred closures
Heavy rain meant that the pitch was waterlogged

Median

(Statistics) Relating to or constituting the middle value in a distribution.

Mean

Unwilling to give or share things, especially money; not generous
They're not mean with the garlic
She felt mean not giving a tip

Median

A median point, plane, line, or part.

Mean

Unkind, spiteful, or unfair
I was mean to them over the festive season

Median

The dividing area, either paved or landscaped, between opposing lanes of traffic on some highways. Also called regionally boulevard, mall, median strip, meridian, neutral ground.

Mean

(especially of a place) poor in quality and appearance; shabby
Her home was mean and small

Median

(Statistics) The middle value in a distribution, above and below which lie an equal number of values.

Mean

Very skilful or effective; excellent
She dances a mean tango
He's a mean cook

Median

A line that joins a vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side.

Mean

(of a quantity) calculated as a mean; average
Participants in the study had a mean age of 35 years

Median

The line that joins the midpoints of the nonparallel sides of a trapezoid.

Mean

Equally far from two extremes
Hope is the mean virtue between despair and presumption

Median

A central vein or nerve, especially the median vein or median nerve running through the forearm and arm.

Mean

The value obtained by dividing the sum of several quantities by their number; an average
Acid output was calculated by taking the mean of all three samples

Median

(geometry) A line segment joining the vertex of triangle to the midpoint of the opposing side.

Mean

A condition, quality, or course of action equally removed from two opposite extremes
The measure expresses a mean between saving and splashing out

Median

(statistics) A number separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample, population, or probability distribution. The median of a finite list of numbers can be found by arranging all the observations from lowest value to highest value and picking the middle one (e.g., the median of {3, 3, 5, 9, 11} is 5). If there is an even number of observations, then there is no single middle value; the median is then usually defined to be the mean of the two middle values.

Mean

To be used to convey; denote
"'The question is,' said Alice, 'whether you can make words mean so many different things'" (Lewis Carroll).

Median

(US) The area separating two lanes of opposite-direction traffic; the median strip.

Mean

To act as a symbol of; signify or represent
In this poem, the budding flower means youth.

Median

(anatomy) Situated in a middle, central, or intermediate part, section, or range of (something).

Mean

To intend to convey or indicate
"No one means all he says, and yet very few say all they mean, for words are slippery and thought is viscous" (Henry Adams).

Median

In the middle of an organ, structure etc.; towards the median plane of an organ or limb.

Mean

To have as a purpose or an intention; intend
I meant to go running this morning, but I overslept.

Median

(statistics) Having the median as its value.

Mean

To design, intend, or destine for a certain purpose or end
A building that was meant for storage.
A student who was meant to be a scientist.

Median

Being in the middle; running through the middle; as, a median groove.

Mean

To have as a consequence; bring about
Friction means heat.

Median

Situated in the middle; lying in a plane dividing a bilateral animal into right and left halves; - said of unpaired organs and parts; as, median coverts.

Mean

To have the importance or value of
The opinions of the critics meant nothing to him. She meant so much to me.

Median

A median line or point.

Mean

To have intentions of a specified kind; be disposed
They mean well but lack tact.

Median

The value below which 50% of the cases fall

Mean

Lacking in kindness; unkind
The teacher was not being mean in asking you to be quiet.

Median

Relating to or constituting the middle value of an ordered set of values (or the average of the middle two in an even-numbered set);
The median value of 17, 20, and 36 is 20
The median income for the year was $15,000

Mean

Cruel, spiteful, or malicious
A mean boy who liked to make fun of others.

Median

Dividing an animal into right and left halves

Mean

Expressing spite or malice
Gave me a mean look.

Median

Relating to or situated in or extending toward the middle

Mean

Tending toward or characterized by cruelty or violence
Mean streets.

Median

The median divides a data set into two equal halves.
A median income of $50,000 splits the population into two equal groups, one earning above and one below $50,000.

Mean

Extremely unpleasant or disagreeable
The meanest storm in years.

Median

The median is not affected by extremely high or low values.
The median remains unchanged even when outliers are present in the data.

Mean

Ignoble; base
A mean motive. ].

Median

The median is more reliable for ordinal data.
The median is a more accurate measure of central tendency for ranked data.

Mean

Occupying a middle or intermediate position between two extremes.

Mean

Intermediate in size, extent, quality, time, or degree; medium.

Mean

Something having a position, quality, or condition midway between extremes; a medium.

Mean

A number that typifies a set of numbers, such as a geometric mean or an arithmetic mean.

Mean

The average value of a set of numbers.

Mean

(Logic) The middle term in a syllogism.

Mean

Means (used with a sing. or pl. verb) A method, a course of action, or an instrument by which an act can be accomplished or an end achieved.

Mean

Money, property, or other wealth
You ought to live within your means.

Mean

Great wealth
A woman of means.

Mean

To intend.

Mean

(transitive) To intend, to plan (to do); to have as one's intention.
I didn't mean to knock your tooth out.
I mean to go to Baddeck this summer.
I meant to take the car in for a smog check, but it slipped my mind.
The authors meant a challenge to the status quo.

Mean

(intransitive) To have as intentions of a given kind.
Don't be angry; she meant well.

Mean

To intend (something) for a given purpose or fate; to predestine.
Actually this desk was meant for the subeditor.
Man was not meant to question such things.

Mean

(transitive) To intend an ensuing comment or statement as an explanation.[https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/i_mean%20I%20mean]
Your reasoning seems needlessly abstruse, complex, and verbose for me. I mean, could you dumb it down for my sake?

Mean

To convey (a meaning).

Mean

(transitive) To convey (a given sense); to signify, or indicate (an object or idea).
The sky is red this morning—does that mean we're in for a storm?

Mean

(transitive) Of a word, symbol etc: to have reference to, to signify.
What does this hieroglyph mean?

Mean

(transitive) Of a person (or animal etc): to intend to express, to imply, to hint at, to allude.
I'm afraid I don't understand what you mean.
He is a little different, if you know what I mean.

Mean

(transitive) To have conviction in (something said or expressed); to be sincere in (what one says).
Does she really mean what she said to him last night?
Say what you mean and mean what you say.

Mean

(transitive) To cause or produce (a given result); to bring about (a given result).
One faltering step means certain death.

Mean

(usually with to) To be of some level of importance.
That little dog meant everything to me.
Formality and titles mean nothing in their circle.

Mean

To lament.

Mean

(obsolete) Common; general.

Mean

Of a common or low origin, grade, or quality; common; humble.
A man of mean parentage
A mean abode

Mean

Low in quality or degree; inferior; poor; shabby.
A mean appearance
A mean dress

Mean

Without dignity of mind; destitute of honour; low-minded; spiritless; base.
A mean motive
It was mean of you to steal that little girl's piggy bank.

Mean

Of little value or worth; worthy of little or no regard; contemptible; despicable.

Mean

Ungenerous; stingy; tight-fisted.
He's so mean. I've never seen him spend so much as five pounds on presents for his children.

Mean

Disobliging; pettily offensive or unaccommodating.

Mean

Intending to cause harm, successfully or otherwise; bearing ill will towards another.
Watch out for her, she's mean. I said good morning to her, and she punched me in the nose.

Mean

Powerful; fierce; strong.
It must have been a mean typhoon that levelled this town.

Mean

(colloquial) Accomplished with great skill; deft; hard to compete with.
Your mother can roll a mean cigarette.
He hits a mean backhand.

Mean

Difficult, tricky.
This problem is mean!

Mean

Having the mean (see noun below) as its value; average.
The mean family has 2.4 children.

Mean

(obsolete) Middling; intermediate; moderately good, tolerable.

Mean

A method or course of action used to achieve some result.

Mean

An intermediate step or intermediate steps.

Mean

Something which is intermediate or in the middle; an intermediate value or range of values; a medium.

Mean

The middle part of three-part polyphonic music; now specifically, the alto part in polyphonic music; an alto instrument.

Mean

(statistics) The average of a set of values, calculated by summing them together and dividing by the number of terms; the arithmetic mean.

Mean

(mathematics) Any function of multiple variables that satisfies certain properties and yields a number representative of its arguments; or, the number so yielded; a measure of central tendency.

Mean

(mathematics) Either of the two numbers in the middle of a conventionally presented proportion, as 2 and 3 in 1:2=3:6.

Mean

To have in the mind, as a purpose, intention, etc.; to intend; to purpose; to design; as, what do you mean to do?
What mean ye by this service ?
Ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto good.
I am not a SpaniardTo say that it is yours and not to mean it.

Mean

To signify; to indicate; to import; to denote.
What mean these seven ewe lambs ?
Go ye, and learn what that meaneth.

Mean

To have a purpose or intention.

Mean

Destitute of distinction or eminence; common; low; vulgar; humble.
The mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself.

Mean

Wanting dignity of mind; low-minded; base; destitute of honor; spiritless; as, a mean motive.
Can you imagine I so mean could prove,To save my life by changing of my love ?

Mean

Of little value or account; worthy of little or no regard; contemptible; despicable.
The Roman legions and great Cæsar foundOur fathers no mean foes.

Mean

Of poor quality; as, mean fare.

Mean

Penurious; stingy; close-fisted; illiberal; as, mean hospitality.

Mean

Occupying a middle position; middle; being about midway between extremes.
Being of middle age and a mean stature.

Mean

Intermediate in excellence of any kind.
According to the fittest style of lofty, mean, or lowly.

Mean

Average; having an intermediate value between two extremes, or between the several successive values of a variable quantity during one cycle of variation; as, mean distance; mean motion; mean solar day.

Mean

That which is mean, or intermediate, between two extremes of place, time, or number; the middle point or place; middle rate or degree; mediocrity; medium; absence of extremes or excess; moderation; measure.
But to speak in a mean, the virtue of prosperity is temperance; the virtue of adversity is fortitude.
There is a mean in all things.
The extremes we have mentioned, between which the wellinstracted Christian holds the mean, are correlatives.

Mean

A quantity having an intermediate value between several others, from which it is derived, and of which it expresses the resultant value; usually, unless otherwise specified, it is the simple average, formed by adding the quantities together and dividing by their number, which is called an arithmetical mean. A geometrical mean is the nth root of the product of the n quantities being averaged.

Mean

That through which, or by the help of which, an end is attained; something tending to an object desired; intermediate agency or measure; necessary condition or coagent; instrument.
Their virtuous conversation was a mean to work the conversion of the heathen to Christ.
You may be able, by this mean, to review your own scientific acquirements.
Philosophical doubt is not an end, but a mean.
By this means he had them more at vantage.
What other means is left unto us.

Mean

Resources; property, revenue, or the like, considered as the condition of easy livelihood, or an instrumentality at command for effecting any purpose; disposable force or substance.
Your means are very slender, and your waste is great.

Mean

A part, whether alto or tenor, intermediate between the soprano and base; a middle part.
The mean is drowned with your unruly base.

Mean

Meantime; meanwhile.

Mean

A mediator; a go-between.
He wooeth her by means and by brokage.
If by any means I might attain to the resurrection of the dead.
The wine on this side of the lake is by no means so good as that on the other.

Mean

An average of n numbers computed by adding some function of the numbers and dividing by some function of n

Mean

Mean or intend to express or convey;
You never understand what I mean!
What do his words intend?

Mean

Have as a logical consequence;
The water shortage means that we have to stop taking long showers

Mean

Denote or connote;
`maison' means `house' in French
An example sentence would show what this word means

Mean

Have in mind as a purpose;
I mean no harm
I only meant to help you
She didn't think to harm me
We thought to return early that night

Mean

Have a specified degree of importance;
My ex-husband means nothing to me
Happiness means everything

Mean

Intend to refer to;
I'm thinking of good food when I talk about France
Yes, I meant you when I complained about people who gossip!

Mean

Destine or designate for a certain purpose;
These flowers were meant for you

Mean

Approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value;
The average income in New England is below that of the nation
Of average height for his age
The mean annual rainfall

Mean

Characterized by malice;
A hateful thing to do
In a mean mood

Mean

Having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality;
That liberal obedience without which your army would be a base rabble
Taking a mean advantage
Chok'd with ambition of the meaner sort
Something essentially vulgar and meanspirited in politics

Mean

Excellent;
Famous for a mean backhand

Mean

Marked by poverty befitting a beggar;
A beggarly existence in the slums
A mean hut

Mean

Used of persons or behavior; characterized by or indicative of lack of generosity;
A mean person
He left a miserly tip

Mean

Used of sums of money; so small in amount as to deserve contempt

Mean

The mean is the arithmetic average of a set of numbers.

Mean

The mean is calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the number of values.
To find the mean of 1, 2, and 3, you add them to get 6 and then divide by 3, yielding a mean of 2.

Mean

The mean is suitable for interval and ratio data.
The mean height of a group of people accurately reflects the average height of that group.

Common Curiosities

What do RAM and ROM stand for?

RAM stands for Random Access Memory; ROM stands for Read-Only Memory.

Why is RAM faster than ROM?

RAM is designed for swift read/write operations, whereas ROM speed isn't a priority since it's primarily accessed during boot-up.

What happens if RAM is removed from a powered-on computer?

The system will crash because RAM holds the active processes and data.

What data is stored in ROM?

ROM stores firmware or boot-up software, like BIOS in computers.

Can data in ROM be altered?

Typically, data in ROM is read-only, but certain ROM types can be updated with specific processes.

Which one is volatile, RAM or ROM?

RAM is volatile; ROM is non-volatile.

Why is ROM essential for a computer?

ROM stores crucial software that initializes the system during startup.

Can I upgrade both RAM and ROM?

RAM is typically upgradeable, while ROM isn't usually upgradeable.

Is it true that more RAM improves computer performance?

Yes, more RAM often enhances multitasking and overall system responsiveness.

What happens to unsaved data in RAM during a power outage?

It's lost, as RAM is volatile.

Do smartphones also have RAM and ROM?

Yes, smartphones use RAM for processing and ROM for permanent storage like the OS.

Is all ROM read-only?

Most ROM is read-only, but there are types, like EEPROM, that can be rewritten under specific conditions.

What would happen if ROM data gets corrupted?

The device might fail to boot up or operate correctly because ROM contains essential startup instructions.

Why can't ROM be used like RAM in computers?

ROM is slower and isn't designed for frequent data read/write operations like RAM.

Can a computer function without RAM?

No, RAM is essential for a computer to process data.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Tayyaba Rehman
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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