Iguana vs. Lizard — What's the Difference?

Iguanas belong to the family Iguanidae and are often recognized by their large size, distinct crests along their backs, and dewlaps under their chins. These features are not universally present in all lizards, which belong to the order Squamata, encompassing a wide variety of species with different physical characteristics. While iguanas can be found primarily in tropical areas of South and Central America, lizards as a whole inhabit diverse environments across the globe.

Diet is another differentiating factor. Many iguanas are herbivores, primarily eating leaves, flowers, and fruit. This is in contrast to the broader diet of the lizard category, which includes omnivores and carnivores, with diets ranging from insects and small animals to plant material depending on the species.

The habitat preferences of iguanas are generally more specific compared to the broad range of habitats occupied by lizards. Iguanas prefer tropical and subtropical climates and are often found near water. Lizards, however, can be found in deserts, forests, grasslands, and even urban areas, showcasing their adaptability to different environmental conditions.

Social behavior and interaction also vary significantly. Iguanas can display social behaviors, especially in terms of territorial displays and during mating seasons. Lizards as a group exhibit a wide range of social behaviors, from solitary to social species, with complex social hierarchies in some cases.

The size range within the lizard category is vast, from the tiny gecko measuring just a few inches to much larger species like the Komodo dragon. Iguanas, however, tend to be consistently large, with some species reaching up to 6 feet in length including their tail.