Graffito vs. Sgraffito — What's the Difference?

Graffito, often seen as informal or unsanctioned artwork, includes drawings, symbols, or words etched onto public surfaces, reflecting social or personal expressions. On the other hand, sgraffito is an artistic technique used primarily in pottery and ceramics, where the artist scratches away the top layer of material (such as plaster, clay, or glaze) to reveal a different color or texture underneath. This method creates intricate, contrasting designs.

While graffito can be found in urban environments across the world, acting as a form of self-expression or social commentary, sgraffito has historical roots in European and Middle Eastern art, serving as a decorative element in architecture and household items. Sgraffito involves a deliberate, artistic process, requiring tools and a specific skill set to achieve the desired effect.

Graffito's materials are often easily accessible, such as spray paint, markers, or even just a sharp object to etch into a surface. In contrast, sgraffito requires layers of plaster or glaze that can be manipulated before they fully set, along with specific tools designed for etching and carving.

The perception of graffito varies widely, with some viewing it as vandalism and others as a legitimate form of art and cultural expression. Sgraffito, however, is generally recognized and valued as an art form, often showcased in galleries and collections and taught as a technique in art schools.

Both graffito and sgraffito serve as means of communication through visual elements, but their intentions, techniques, and cultural receptions diverge significantly. Graffito often aims to challenge or engage public discourse, whereas sgraffito focuses on aesthetic beauty and the skill of the artisan.