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Gas vs. Steam — What's the Difference?

Edited by Tayyaba Rehman — By Fiza Rafique — Updated on November 6, 2023
Gas is a state of matter with no fixed shape or volume, while steam is water vapor, the gaseous phase of water when heated.
Gas vs. Steam — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Gas and Steam

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Key Differences

Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter, consisting of particles without a fixed volume or shape. It expands to fill the space it is in and can vary widely in composition, including elements like oxygen or compounds like carbon dioxide. Steam, on the other hand, specifically refers to water vapor, which is the gaseous state of water when it is heated above its boiling point and enters the atmosphere.
Gases can be either elemental, like hydrogen or noble gases, or compound gases like carbon monoxide. They are present in various environments and can be used for different purposes, such as fuel for cooking and heating. Steam is a type of gas but is specifically the result of water being heated until it vaporizes, and it is commonly associated with energy transfer, as seen in steam engines or as part of cooking processes.
The behavior of gases is governed by the gas laws, which explain how temperature, volume, and pressure affect gases. These laws are universal for all gases. Steam also follows these laws, but its generation and condensation points are specific to water's unique boiling and condensation points at standard atmospheric pressure.
Gases are used in various industries, from medical gases used for anesthesia to industrial gases used in welding. They are essential in the chemical industry for reactions and as a part of air we breathe. Steam has industrial uses as well, most notably in power generation and sterilization processes due to its heat content and ability to transfer energy efficiently.
While all steam is gas, not all gas is steam. Gas is a broad category encompassing all substances in their gaseous state, while steam is specifically the term used for gaseous water. Both are invisible; however, the steam can become visible when it cools and condenses into tiny droplets of water in the air.
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Comparison Chart

Definition

A state of matter with no fixed shape/volume.
The gaseous phase of water when heated.

Composition

Can consist of any chemical element or compound.
Composed only of water molecules (H2O).

Visibility

Generally invisible.
Can become visible when cooling.

Temperature

Varies widely.
Specifically at or above water's boiling point.

Usage

Diverse, including fuel and industrial processes.
Often used for heating and energy transfer.

Compare with Definitions

Gas

A state of matter with freely moving molecules.
The helium gas filled the balloon, causing it to float.

Steam

Steam is water in the gas phase. This may occur due to evaporation or due to boiling, where heat is applied until water reaches the enthalpy of vaporization.

Gas

Combustible gases used as fuel.
Natural gas is commonly used for heating homes.

Steam

The vapour into which water is converted when heated, forming a white mist of minute water droplets in the air
A cloud of steam
She wiped the steam off the mirror
Steam was rising from the mugs of coffee

Gas

Gases used in aerosols and pressurized containers.
The can of whipped cream relies on pressurized gas to function.

Steam

Give off or produce steam
A mug of coffee was steaming at her elbow

Gas

Air-like substances that can spread out indefinitely.
The laboratory was evacuated due to a toxic gas leak.

Steam

Cook (food) by heating it in steam from boiling water
Steam the vegetables until just tender

Gas

Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma).A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g.

Steam

(of a ship or train) travel somewhere under steam power
The 11.54 steamed into the station

Gas

A substance or matter in a state in which it will expand freely to fill the whole of a container, having no fixed shape (unlike a solid) and no fixed volume (unlike a liquid)
Hot balls of gas that become stars
Poisonous gases

Steam

Be or become extremely agitated or angry
You got all steamed up over nothing!
After steaming behind the closed door in his office, he came out and screamed at her

Gas

Short for gasoline
We stopped for gas

Steam

Hot water vapor produced especially by boiling liquid water.

Gas

An entertaining or amusing person or situation
The party would be a gas

Steam

Hot, pressurized water vapor used for heating, cooking, or to provide mechanical power.

Gas

Kill or harm by exposure to gas
My son was gassed at Verdun

Steam

Power generated by the expansion of boiling water as it turns to vapor
An engine at full steam.

Gas

Talk excessively about trivial matters
I thought you'd never stop gassing

Steam

Steam heating.

Gas

Fill the tank of (a motor vehicle) with petrol
After gassing up the car, he went into the restaurant

Steam

Condensed water vapor in the form of a mist or cloud
The steam from the teakettle.
The steam of the oxen's breath in the cold air.

Gas

Very amusing or entertaining
Ruthie, that's gas—you're a gem

Steam

Power; energy
The fundraising effort ran out of steam.

Gas

The state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by relatively low density and viscosity, relatively great expansion and contraction with changes in pressure and temperature, the ability to diffuse readily, and the spontaneous tendency to become distributed uniformly throughout any container.

Steam

To produce or emit steam
The kettle is steaming. Let's make tea.

Gas

A substance in the gaseous state.

Steam

To become or rise up as steam
The rain steamed off the hot pavement.

Gas

Any of various mixtures of flammable gases used for lighting, heating, or cooking.

Steam

To become misted or covered with steam
The bathroom mirror steamed over.

Gas

Gasoline.

Steam

To move by means of steam power.

Gas

The speed control of a gasoline engine. Used with the
Step on the gas.

Steam

(Informal) To become very angry; fume.

Gas

A gaseous asphyxiant, irritant, or poison.

Steam

To expose to steam, as in cooking.

Gas

A gaseous anesthetic, such as nitrous oxide.

Steam

To cover or mist with steam
The windows are steamed up.

Gas

Flatulence.

Steam

(Informal) To make angry
His laziness really steams me.

Gas

Flatus.

Steam

The vapor formed when water changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase.

Gas

(Slang) Idle or boastful talk.

Steam

The suspended condensate (cloud) formed by water vapour when it encounters colder air

Gas

(Slang) Someone or something exceptionally exciting or entertaining
The party was a gas.

Steam

, fog

Gas

To treat chemically with gas.

Steam

Exhaled breath into cold air below the dew point of the exhalation

Gas

To overcome, disable, or kill with poisonous fumes.

Steam

Pressurized water vapour used for heating, cooking, or to provide mechanical energy.

Gas

To give off gas.

Steam

The act of cooking by steaming.
Give the carrots a ten-minute steam.

Gas

(Slang) To talk excessively.

Steam

(figuratively) Internal energy for motive power.
After three weeks in bed he was finally able to sit up under his own steam.

Gas

Matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid (or in a bubble of liquid, or held together by gravitational pull); it can condense into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a solid directly by deposition.
A lot of gas had escaped from the cylinder.

Steam

(figuratively) Pent-up anger.
Dad had to go outside to blow off some steam.

Gas

(uncountable) A flammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture used as a fuel, e.g. for cooking, heating, electricity generation or as a fuel in internal combustion engines in vehicles, especially natural gas.
Gas-fired power stations have largely replaced coal-burning ones.

Steam

A steam-powered vehicle.

Gas

Poison gas.
The artillery fired gas shells into the enemy trenches.

Steam

Travel by means of a steam-powered vehicle.

Gas

A chemical element or compound in such a state.
The atmosphere is made up of a number of different gases.

Steam

(obsolete) Any exhalation.

Gas

(countable) A hob on a gas cooker.
She turned the gas on, put the potatoes on, then lit the oven.

Steam

(fencing) Fencing without the use of any electric equipment.

Gas

(uncountable) Methane or other waste gases trapped in one's belly as a result of the digestive process; flatus.
My tummy hurts so bad – I have gas.

Steam

To cook with steam.
The best way to cook artichokes is to steam them.

Gas

(slang) A humorous or entertaining event or person.

Steam

(transitive) To expose to the action of steam; to apply steam to for softening, dressing, or preparing.
To steam wood or cloth

Gas

(slang) Frothy or boastful talk; chatter.

Steam

(intransitive) To produce or vent steam.

Gas

(baseball) A fastball.
The closer threw him nothing but gas.

Steam

(intransitive) To rise in vapour; to issue, or pass off, as vapour.
Our breath steamed in the cold winter air.

Gas

Arterial or venous blood gas.

Steam

To become angry; to fume; to be incensed.

Gas

Marijuana, typically of high quality.

Steam

To make angry.
It really steams me to see her treat him like that.

Gas

, a light derivative of petroleum used as fuel.

Steam

(intransitive) To be covered with condensed water vapor.
With all the heavy breathing going on the windows were quickly steamed in the car.

Gas

Ellipsis of gas pedal

Steam

(intransitive) To travel by means of steam power.
We steamed around the Mediterranean.
The ship steamed out of the harbour.

Gas

An internal virtual currency used in Ethereum to pay for certain operations, such as blockchain transactions.
Gas fee

Steam

To move with great or excessive purposefulness.
If he heard of anyone picking the fruit he would steam off and lecture them.

Gas

(transitive) To attack or kill with poison gas.
The Nazis gassed millions of Jews during the Holocaust.
He never fully recovered after he was gassed on the Western Front.

Steam

(obsolete) To exhale.

Gas

To talk in a boastful or vapid way; chatter.

Steam

Old-fashioned; from before the digital age.

Gas

To impose upon by talking boastfully.

Steam

The elastic, aëriform fluid into which water is converted when heated to the boiling point; water in the state of vapor.

Gas

(intransitive) To emit gas.
The battery cell was gassing.

Steam

The mist formed by condensed vapor; visible vapor; - so called in popular usage.

Gas

(transitive) To impregnate with gas.
To gas lime with chlorine in the manufacture of bleaching powder

Steam

Any exhalation.

Gas

(transitive) To singe, as in a gas flame, so as to remove loose fibers.
To gas thread

Steam

To emit steam or vapor.
My brother's ghost hangs hovering there,O'er his warm blood, that steams into the air.
Let the crude humors danceIn heated brass, steaming with fire intense.

Gas

(US) To give a vehicle more fuel in order to accelerate it.
The cops are coming. Gas it!

Steam

To rise in vapor; to issue, or pass off, as vapor.
The dissolved amber . . . steamed away into the air.

Gas

(US) To fill (a vehicle's fuel tank) with fuel.

Steam

To move or travel by the agency of steam.
The vessel steamed out of port.

Gas

(slang) comical, zany; fun, amusing.
Mary's new boyfriend is a gas man.
It was gas when the bird flew into the classroom.

Steam

To generate steam; as, the boiler steams well.

Gas

An aëriform fluid; - a term used at first by chemists as synonymous with air, but since restricted to fluids supposed to be permanently elastic, as oxygen, hydrogen, etc., in distinction from vapors, as steam, which become liquid on a reduction of temperature. In present usage, since all of the supposed permanent gases have been liquified by cold and pressure, the term has resumed nearly its original signification, and is applied to any substance in the elastic or aëriform state.

Steam

To exhale.

Gas

A complex mixture of gases, of which the most important constituents are marsh gas, olefiant gas, and hydrogen, artificially produced by the destructive distillation of gas coal, or sometimes of peat, wood, oil, resin, etc. It gives a brilliant light when burned, and is the common gas used for illuminating purposes.

Steam

To expose to the action of steam; to apply steam to for softening, dressing, or preparing; as, to steam wood; to steamcloth; to steam food, etc.

Gas

Same as gasoline; - a shortened form. Also, the accelerator pedal of a motor vehicle; used in the term " step on the gas".

Steam

Water at boiling temperature diffused in the atmosphere

Gas

The accelerator pedal of a motor vehicle; used in the term " step on the gas".

Steam

Travel by means of steam power;
The ship steamed off into the Pacific

Gas

Same as natural gas.

Steam

Emit steam;
The rain forest was literally steaming

Gas

An exceptionally enjoyable event; a good time; as, The concert was a gas.

Steam

Rise as vapor

Gas

To singe, as in a gas flame, so as to remove loose fibers; as, to gas thread.

Steam

Get very angry;
Her indifference to his amorous advances really steamed the young man

Gas

To impregnate with gas; as, to gas lime with chlorine in the manufacture of bleaching powder.

Steam

Clean by means of steaming;
Steam-clean the upholstered sofa

Gas

To expose to a poisonous or noxious gas

Steam

Cook something by letting steam pass over it;
Just steam the vegetables

Gas

The state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity; relatively great expansion and contraction with changes in pressure and temperature; the ability to diffuse readily; and the spontaneous tendency to become distributed uniformly throughout any container

Steam

The vapor that comes from boiling water.
The kettle let out a whistle as the steam began to rise.

Gas

A fluid in the gaseous state having neither independent shape nor volume and being able to expand indefinitely

Steam

Used to describe the energy phase of water vapor.
The steam engine revolutionized transportation in the 19th century.

Gas

A volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines

Steam

A mist of cooling water vapor.
The bathroom mirror was fogged up with steam from the shower.

Gas

A state of excessive gas in the alimentary canal

Steam

Used for sterilizing in medical settings.
Instruments are often sterilized using high-pressure steam.

Gas

A pedal that controls the throttle valve;
He stepped on the gas

Steam

Cooking with the vapor from boiling water.
Steaming vegetables preserves more nutrients than boiling.

Gas

A fossil fuel in the gaseous state; used for cooking and heating homes

Gas

Attack with gas; subject to gas fumes;
The despot gassed the rebellious tribes

Gas

Show off

Gas

Gases are often used in medical applications.
Nitrous oxide gas is used as an anesthetic in dentistry.

Common Curiosities

What is the primary difference between gas and steam?

Gas is a state of matter that is naturally gaseous at room temperature, while steam is the gas phase of water after it has vaporized from liquid.

What happens when steam condenses?

When steam condenses, it turns back into liquid water.

Is 'gas' used to refer to fuel as well as the state of matter?

Yes, in American English, 'gas' can refer to gasoline (a liquid fuel) as well as the gaseous state of matter.

At what temperature does water turn to steam?

At standard atmospheric pressure, water turns to steam at 100°C (212°F).

Can steam be considered a type of gas?

Yes, steam is a type of gas formed when water vaporizes.

Can steam exist at temperatures below boiling point?

Yes, as water can evaporate at lower temperatures, creating steam.

Can gases be compressed?

Yes, gases can be compressed, which is a property that distinguishes them from liquids and solids.

Why do we say 'gas' for multiple substances but 'steam' specifically for vaporized water?

'Gas' is a general term for the state of matter, while 'steam' specifically refers to the gas form of water.

Is all steam visible?

No, steam can be invisible; what is often seen is water droplets suspended in the air, which is actually water vapor.

Do all gases have color and odor?

No, many gases are colorless and odorless; odors are often added to detect leaks, as with natural gas.

Are gases always at a higher temperature than their liquid form?

Not always; for example, liquid nitrogen is much colder than nitrogen gas at room temperature.

What is dry steam?

Dry steam is steam that does not contain any water droplets; it is entirely in the gas phase.

Is it correct to call the vapor from other liquids 'steam'?

Technically, 'steam' refers only to vaporized water; vapors from other substances are just called gas or vapors.

How does steam power engines?

Steam can drive turbines or pistons by expanding and applying pressure as it converts from water to steam.

Is steam used for cleaning purposes?

Yes, steam cleaning is a method that uses steam for its ability to loosen dirt and kill bacteria.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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