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Instrument vs. Machine — What's the Difference?

Edited by Tayyaba Rehman — By Fiza Rafique — Updated on October 30, 2023
An instrument is a tool or device for specific tasks or measurements, while a machine is a complex device that performs work using power.
Instrument vs. Machine — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Instrument and Machine

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Key Differences

Instrument and Machine are both tools, but their purposes and complexities differ. An instrument typically refers to a tool or device designed for precise work or measurement. Think of a thermometer, an instrument specifically for measuring temperature. In contrast, a machine denotes a more complex device or apparatus that carries out a specific task, often powered mechanically or electrically, like a washing machine.
An instrument often highlights precision and specialization. Surgeons, for instance, use surgical instruments to perform intricate operations. These instruments are specialized for a specific task. On the other hand, a machine involves multiple parts working together to perform an operation. An excavator, as an example, has several components that work in unison to dig and move earth.
Instruments, in many contexts, play a pivotal role in producing music. Musical instruments like guitars or pianos are tools that musicians use to create melodies and rhythms. Machines, in comparison, don't often have such artistic applications. Their primary goal is functional, aiming to simplify or automate a task, like a sewing machine stitching fabric.
Both Instrument and Machine have made tasks more manageable and more efficient for humans. While an instrument's primary function might be to measure, indicate, or produce, a machine's main aim is to do work, often reducing human effort. However, it's worth noting that in some contexts, the lines between the two can blur, especially with the advent of complex modern technologies.

Comparison Chart

Primary Function

Measurement, indication, or production.
Perform work using power.
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Complexity

Usually simpler, specialized for a task.
Often complex with multiple components.

Power Source

May not require an external power source.
Typically requires mechanical or electrical power.

Typical Uses

Music, surgery, measurement, etc.
Work, automation, tasks like sewing or washing.

Components

Often singular or few components.
Multiple parts working in unison.

Compare with Definitions

Instrument

A tool or device designed for precision work or measurement.
The scientist used an instrument to measure the chemical's pH level.

Machine

An apparatus using mechanical power to perform a task.
The factory has a new machine to improve production.

Instrument

A means by which something is achieved.
Diplomacy is an essential instrument in international relations.

Machine

A person who behaves in a mechanical or unemotional manner.
After hours of working, he became like a machine.

Instrument

A device that produces musical sound.
The violin is a stringed instrument.

Machine

An organization or system that has been established for a particular purpose.
The bureaucratic machine can be slow and frustrating.

Instrument

A formal legal document.
The deed is an instrument of property transfer.

Machine

A machine is any physical system with ordered structural and functional properties. It may represent human-made or naturally occurring device molecular machine that uses power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action.

Instrument

A tool or implement used in surgery.
The surgeon requested a specific instrument during the operation.

Machine

A device consisting of fixed and moving parts that redirects mechanical energy to accomplish a particular task or set of tasks.

Instrument

A tool or implement used to do or facilitate work, especially a small precision tool used by a professional
Sterilized the scalpel and other surgical instruments.

Machine

See simple machine.

Instrument

A device for recording, measuring, or controlling, especially such a device functioning as part of a control system.

Machine

See compound machine.

Instrument

(Music) A device designed to enable a person to make musical sounds, as by blowing into it, striking it, depressing the keys on a keyboard, or plucking, strumming, or running a bow over strings.

Machine

A system or device for doing work, as an automobile or jackhammer, together with its power source and auxiliary equipment.

Instrument

A means by which something is done; an agency
"The gods are just, and of our pleasant vices / Make instruments to plague us" (Shakespeare).

Machine

A system or device, such as a computer, that performs or assists in the performance of a human task
The machine is down.

Instrument

One used by another to accomplish a purpose; a dupe.

Machine

An intricate natural system or organism, such as the human body.

Instrument

A legal document, especially one that represents a right of payment or conveys an interest, such as a check, promissory note, deed, or will.

Machine

A person who acts in a rigid, mechanical, or unconscious manner.

Instrument

To provide or equip with instruments.

Machine

An organized group of people whose members are or appear to be under the control of one or more leaders
A political machine.

Instrument

(Music) To compose or arrange for performance.

Machine

A device used to produce a stage effect, especially a mechanical means of lowering an actor onto the stage.

Instrument

A device used to produce music.
The violinist was a master of her instrument.

Machine

A literary device used to produce an effect, especially the introduction of a supernatural being to resolve a plot.

Instrument

A means or agency for achieving an effect.

Machine

An answering machine
Leave a message on my machine if I'm not home.

Instrument

A measuring or displaying device.
The instrument detected an increase in radioactivity.

Machine

Of, relating to, or felt to resemble a machine
Machine repairs.
Machine politics.

Instrument

A tool, implement used for manipulation or measurement.
The dentist set down his tray of instruments.
The scientist recorded the temperature with a thermometer but wished he had a more accurate instrument.

Machine

To cut, shape, or finish by machine.

Instrument

Ellipsis of flight instrument
Flight within clouds must be made by reference to your instruments.

Machine

To be cut, shaped, or finished by machine
This metal machines easily.

Instrument

(legal) A legal document, such as a contract, deed, trust, mortgage, power, indenture, or will.
A bond indenture is the instrument that gives a bond its value.
Negotiable instruments are the foundation of the debt markets.

Machine

A device that directs and controls energy, often in the form of movement or electricity, to produce a certain effect.

Instrument

(figuratively) A person used as a mere tool for achieving a goal.

Machine

(dated) A vehicle operated mechanically, such as an automobile or an airplane.

Instrument

(transitive) To apply measuring devices.
An instrumented test article

Machine

An answering machine or, by extension, voice mail.
I called you earlier, but all I got was the machine.

Instrument

(transitive) To devise, conceive, cook up, plan.

Machine

(computing) A computer.
Game developers assume they're pushing the limits of the machine.
He refuses to turn off his Linux machine.

Instrument

To perform upon an instrument; to prepare for an instrument.
A sonata instrumented for orchestra

Machine

(figuratively) A person or organisation that seemingly acts like a machine, being particularly efficient, single-minded, or unemotional.
Bruce Campbell was a "demon-killing machine" because he made quick work of killing demons.
The government has become a money-making machine.

Instrument

That by means of which any work is performed, or result is effected; a tool; a utensil; an implement; a device; as, the instruments of a mechanic; astronomical instruments.
All the lofty instruments of war.

Machine

Especially, the group that controls a political or similar organization; a combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use.

Instrument

A contrivance or implement, by which musical sounds are produced; as, a musical instrument.
Praise him with stringed instruments and organs.
But signs when songs and instruments he hears.

Machine

(poetry) Supernatural agency in a poem, or a superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit.

Instrument

A writing, as the means of giving formal expression to some act; a writing expressive of some act, contract, process, as a deed, contract, writ, etc.

Machine

The system of special interest groups that supports a political party, especially in urban areas.

Instrument

One who, or that which, is made a means, or is caused to serve a purpose; a medium, means, or agent; as, their army was primarily an instrument of oppression.
Or useful serving man and instrument,To any sovereign state.
The bold are but the instruments of the wise.

Machine

Penis.

Instrument

To perform upon an instrument; to prepare for an instrument; as, a sonata instrumented for orchestra.

Machine

(historical) A contrivance in the Ancient Greek theatre for indicating a change of scene, by means of which a god might cross the stage or deliver a divine message; the deus ex machina.

Instrument

To furnish or equip with instruments; to attach instruments to; as, the fighter planes were heavily instrumented; the patient was instrumented to monitor him remotely.

Machine

(obsolete) A bathing machine.

Instrument

A device that requires skill for proper use

Machine

To make by machinery.

Instrument

The means whereby some act is accomplished;
My greed was the instrument of my destruction
Science has given us new tools to fight disease

Machine

To shape or finish by machinery; (usually, more specifically) to shape subtractively by metal-cutting with machine-controlled toolpaths.

Instrument

A person used by another to gain an end

Machine

In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot, etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of electricity by an electrical machine.

Instrument

(law) a document that states some contractual relationship or grants some right

Machine

Any mechanical contrivance, as the wooden horse with which the Greeks entered Troy; a coach; a bicycle.

Instrument

The semantic role of the entity (usually inanimate) that the agent uses to perform an action or start a process

Machine

A person who acts mechanically or at the will of another.

Instrument

Any of various devices or contrivances that can be used to produce musical tones or sounds

Machine

A combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the social machine.
The whole machine of government ought not to bear upon the people with a weight so heavy and oppressive.

Instrument

Equip with instruments for measuring, recording, or controlling

Machine

A political organization arranged and controlled by one or more leaders for selfish, private or partisan ends; the Tammany machine.

Instrument

Write an instrumental score for

Machine

Supernatural agency in a poem, or a superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit.

Instrument

Address a legal document to

Machine

To subject to the action of machinery; to make, cut, shape, or modify with a machine; to effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing machine.

Machine

Any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

Machine

An intricate organization that accomplishes its goals efficiently;
The war machine

Machine

An efficient person;
The boxer was a magnificent fighting machine

Machine

4-wheeled motor vehicle; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine;
He needs a car to get to work

Machine

A group that controls the activities of a political party;
He was endorsed by the Democratic machine

Machine

A device for overcoming resistance at one point by applying force at some other point

Machine

Turn, shape, mold, or otherwise finish by machinery

Machine

Make by machinery;
The Americans were machining while others still hand-made cars

Machine

A vehicle with a motor, such as an automobile or aircraft.
He took his machine out for a long drive.

Machine

A device that processes data.
Her new computer is a powerful machine.

Common Curiosities

Are "instrument" and "machine" interchangeable terms?

Not always. While both can be tools, an instrument is typically more specialized, while a machine performs work using power.

Can a device be both an instrument and a machine?

Yes, some devices can be considered both, especially with modern technology.

Why are instruments often associated with precision?

Instruments are typically designed for specific tasks or measurements, requiring accuracy.

Are all musical devices instruments?

Generally, devices that produce musical sound are called musical instruments.

Do machines always need an external power source?

Most machines require some power source, whether mechanical, electrical, or otherwise.

Do instruments always require manual operation?

Not always. Some modern instruments operate automatically or electronically.

Can a machine be considered an instrument in specific contexts?

In some contexts, particularly in advanced technologies, the lines can blur, and a machine could be viewed as an instrument.

Why is the term "machine" used to describe a vehicle?

It's a colloquial usage, referring to vehicles as machines due to their mechanical nature and ability to perform work.

Is a computer an instrument or a machine?

A computer can be viewed as both, but it's more commonly referred to as a machine.

Can a machine be operated manually?

Yes, some machines can be operated manually, though many utilize power.

Can an instrument exist within a machine?

Yes, machines can incorporate various instruments as components.

What is the primary purpose of an instrument in the medical field?

In medicine, instruments often aid in diagnosis, treatment, or surgical procedures, emphasizing precision and functionality.

Why is precision crucial for many instruments?

Because many instruments are designed for specific measurements or tasks where accuracy is vital.

Are all machines complex?

While many machines are complex, not all are. Simplicity or complexity varies based on the machine's purpose.

Are electronic devices considered machines?

Yes, many electronic devices can be categorized as machines, especially if they perform tasks using power.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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