Coal vs. Diamond — What's the Difference?

Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock primarily composed of carbon, used mainly as a fuel source for generating electricity and heat. It forms from the accumulation and physical and chemical transformation of plant material over millions of years under conditions of high pressure and heat in Earth's crust. Diamonds, on the other hand, are highly valued gemstones composed of carbon atoms arranged in a crystal lattice structure. They form under extreme pressure and high temperatures deep within the Earth's mantle and are known for their exceptional hardness and brilliance.

Coal is predominantly used for industrial purposes, including electricity generation and steel production. It is relatively abundant and cheaper compared to other energy sources. In contrast, diamonds are rare and expensive, often used in jewelry and cutting tools due to their hardness.

Coal formation occurs over geological timescales from the remains of ancient vegetation, compressed and heated over millions of years. Diamonds also take millions of years to form but require much higher temperatures and pressures found deep within the Earth's mantle.

In terms of environmental impact, coal mining and burning contribute significantly to pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Conversely, diamond mining, while also environmentally impactful, mainly affects ecosystems through land disruption rather than emissions.

Coal is opaque and usually found in large, relatively amorphous lumps, whereas diamonds are transparent or translucent with a crystalline structure, often cut and polished to enhance their natural sparkle and clarity.