Sound vs. Valid — What's the Difference?

Valid with all true premises, leading to a true conclusion.

Can be applied to arguments with false, hypothetical, or fictional premises.

Reflects an argument's reliability and credibility.

Describes an argument whose conclusion logically follows from its premises.

Emphasizes the importance of truth in premises for the correctness of conclusions.

Focuses on the structure of the argument rather than the truth of the premises.

Applied in contexts requiring stringent logical and factual analysis.

Does not imply that the premises or conclusion are true in reality.

In logic, denotes an argument that cannot be logically disputed due to its structure and factual premises.

A key concept in formal logic and critical thinking.

In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave, through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid. In human physiology and psychology, sound is the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain.

Well grounded; just

Vibrations transmitted through an elastic solid or a liquid or gas, with frequencies in the approximate range of 20 to 20,000 hertz, capable of being detected by human organs of hearing.

Producing the desired results; efficacious

Transmitted vibrations of any frequency.

Having legal force; effective or binding

The sensation stimulated in the organs of hearing by such vibrations in the air or other medium.

Containing premises from which the conclusion may logically be derived

Such sensations considered as a group.

Correctly inferred or deduced from a premise

A distinctive noise

(Archaic) Of sound health; robust.

The distance over which something can be heard

Well grounded or justifiable, pertinent.

An articulation made by the vocal apparatus

Acceptable, proper or correct; in accordance with the rules.

The distinctive character of such an articulation

Related to the current topic, or presented within context, relevant.

A mental impression; an implication

(logic) Of a formula or system: such that it evaluates to true regardless of the input values.

Auditory material that is recorded, as for a movie.

(logic) Of an argument: whose conclusion is always true whenever its premises are true.

Meaningless noise.

Genuine - as distinguished from efficient or regular - sacrament.

(Music) A distinctive style, as of an orchestra or singer.

Strong; powerful; efficient.

(Archaic) Rumor; report.

Having sufficient strength or force; founded in truth; capable of being justified, defended, or supported; not weak or defective; sound; good; efficacious; as, a valid argument; a valid objection.

A long, relatively wide body of water, larger than a strait or a channel, connecting larger bodies of water.

Having legal strength or force; executed with the proper formalities; incapable of being rightfully overthrown or set aside; as, a valid deed; a valid covenant; a valid instrument of any kind; a valid claim or title; a valid marriage.

A long, wide ocean inlet.

Well grounded in logic or truth or having legal force;

(Archaic) The swim bladder of a fish.

Still legally acceptable;

An instrument used to examine or explore body cavities, as for foreign bodies or other abnormalities, or to dilate strictures in them.

To make or give forth a sound

To be given forth as a sound

To present a particular impression

To cause to give forth or produce a sound

To summon, announce, or signal by a sound

(Linguistics) To articulate; pronounce

To make known; celebrate

To examine (a body organ or part) by causing to emit sound; auscultate.

To measure the depth of (water), especially by means of a weighted line; fathom.

To try to learn the attitudes or opinions of

To probe (a body cavity) with a sound.

To measure depth.

To dive swiftly downward. Used of a marine mammal or a fish.

To look into a possibility; investigate.

Free from defect, decay, or damage; in good condition

Free from disease or injury.

Marked by or showing common sense and good judgment; levelheaded

Based on valid reasoning; having no logical flaws

(Logic) Of or relating to an argument in which all the premises are true and the conclusion follows from the premises.

Secure or stable

Financially secure or safe

Thorough; complete

Deep and unbroken; undisturbed

Compatible with an accepted point of view; orthodox

Thoroughly; deeply

Healthy.

Complete, solid, or secure.

Having the property of soundness.

Good; acceptable; decent.

(of sleep) Quiet and deep.

Heavy; laid on with force.

Founded in law; legal; valid; not defective.

Soundly.

Yes; used to show agreement or understanding, generally without much enthusiasm.

A sensation perceived by the ear caused by the vibration of air or some other medium.

A vibration capable of causing such sensations.

(music) A distinctive style and sonority of a particular musician, orchestra, &.

Noise without meaning; empty noise.

, distance within which a certain noise may be heard.

(phonetics) A segment as a part of spoken language, the smallest unit of spoken language, a speech sound.

A long narrow inlet, or a strait between the mainland and an island; also, a strait connecting two seas, or connecting a sea or lake with the ocean.

The air bladder of a fish.

A long, thin probe for sounding or dilating body cavities or canals such as the urethra; a sonde.

(intransitive) To produce a sound.

(copulative) To convey an impression by one's sound.

(intransitive) To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or published; to convey intelligence by sound.

To resound.

To arise or to be recognizable as arising in or from a particular area of law, or as likely to result in a particular kind of legal remedy.

(transitive) To cause to produce a sound.

To pronounce.

(intransitive) Dive downwards, used of a whale.

To ascertain, or try to ascertain, the thoughts, motives, and purposes of (a person); to examine; to try; to test; to probe.

Test; ascertain the depth of water with a sounding line or other device.

(medicine) To examine with the instrument called a sound or sonde, or by auscultation or percussion.

The air bladder of a fish; as, cod sounds are an esteemed article of food.

A cuttlefish.

A narrow passage of water, or a strait between the mainland and an island; also, a strait connecting two seas, or connecting a sea or lake with the ocean; as, the Sound between the Baltic and the german Ocean; Long Island Sound.

Any elongated instrument or probe, usually metallic, by which cavities of the body are sounded or explored, especially the bladder for stone, or the urethra for a stricture.

The peceived object occasioned by the impulse or vibration of a material substance affecting the ear; a sensation or perception of the mind received through the ear, and produced by the impulse or vibration of the air or other medium with which the ear is in contact; the effect of an impression made on the organs of hearing by an impulse or vibration of the air caused by a collision of bodies, or by other means; noise; report; as, the sound of a drum; the sound of the human voice; a horrid sound; a charming sound; a sharp, high, or shrill sound.

The occasion of sound; the impulse or vibration which would occasion sound to a percipient if present with unimpaired; hence, the theory of vibrations in elastic media such cause sound; as, a treatise on sound.

Noise without signification; empty noise; noise and nothing else.

Whole; unbroken; unharmed; free from flaw, defect, or decay; perfect of the kind; as, sound timber; sound fruit; a sound tooth; a sound ship.

Healthy; not diseased; not being in a morbid state; - said of body or mind; as, a sound body; a sound constitution; a sound understanding.

Firm; strong; safe.

Free from error; correct; right; honest; true; faithful; orthodox; - said of persons; as, a sound lawyer; a sound thinker.

Founded in truth or right; supported by justice; not to be overthrown on refuted; not fallacious; as, sound argument or reasoning; a sound objection; sound doctrine; sound principles.

Heavy; laid on with force; as, a sound beating.

Undisturbed; deep; profound; as, sound sleep.

Founded in law; legal; valid; not defective; as, a sound title to land.

Soundly.

To measure the depth of; to fathom; especially, to ascertain the depth of by means of a line and plummet.

To explore, as the bladder or urethra, with a sound; to examine with a sound; also, to examine by auscultation or percussion; as, to sound a patient.

To ascertain the depth of water with a sounding line or other device.

To make a noise; to utter a voice; to make an impulse of the air that shall strike the organs of hearing with a perceptible effect.

To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or published; to convey intelligence by sound.

To make or convey a certain impression, or to have a certain import, when heard; hence, to seem; to appear; as, this reproof sounds harsh; the story sounds like an invention.

To cause to make a noise; to play on; as, to sound a trumpet or a horn; to sound an alarm.

To cause to exit as a sound; as, to sound a note with the voice, or on an instrument.

To order, direct, indicate, or proclain by a sound, or sounds; to give a signal for by a certain sound; as, to sound a retreat; to sound a parley.

To celebrate or honor by sounds; to cause to be reported; to publish or proclaim; as, to sound the praises of fame of a great man or a great exploit.

To examine the condition of (anything) by causing the same to emit sounds and noting their character; as, to sound a piece of timber; to sound a vase; to sound the lungs of a patient.

To signify; to import; to denote.

The particular auditory effect produced by a given cause;

The subjective sensation of hearing something;

Mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium;

The sudden occurrence of an audible event;

The audible part of a transmitted signal;

(phonetics) an individual sound unit of speech without concern as to whether or not it is a phoneme of some language

A narrow channel of the sea joining two larger bodies of water

A large ocean inlet or deep bay;

Appear in a certain way;

Make a certain noise or sound;

Give off a certain sound or sounds;

Announce by means of a sound;

Utter with vibrating vocal chords

Cause to sound;

Measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line

Financially secure and safe;

Exercising or showing good judgment;

In good condition; free from defect or damage or decay;

In excellent physical condition;

Reflects weight of sound argument or evidence;

Having legal efficacy or force;

Free from moral defect;

(of sleep) deep and complete;

Thorough;

Deeply or completely;

A sound argument is both valid and based on true premises, leading to a true conclusion.

Yes, if an argument has a logical structure but contains false premises, it is valid but not sound.

To determine soundness, check for both the argument's validity and the truthfulness of its premises.

No, a sound argument, by definition, cannot have a false conclusion since its premises are true and the reasoning is valid.

An argument is unsound if it is either invalid or has one or more false premises.

Mathematicians use sound arguments to establish irrefutable proofs based on true premises and valid logic.

In a valid argument, the focus is on logical connectivity rather than the truth of the premises or conclusion.

Validity ensures that the conclusion logically follows from the premises, which is crucial for coherent reasoning.

Not necessarily; a valid argument can have true logical form but use unrealistic or hypothetical premises, limiting its real-world applicability.

Yes, empirical evidence may be needed to verify the truth of the premises in a sound argument.

Logical fallacies can undermine an argument's validity and prevent it from being sound by introducing errors in reasoning or factual inaccuracies.

Soundness provides a comprehensive standard, evaluating both logical structure and factual accuracy, for robust argumentation.

True premises are crucial for ensuring the reliability and truthfulness of the argument's conclusion in real-world contexts.

Yes, if initially untrue premises are later proven true, an argument can become sound.

No, validity concerns the logical structure, which remains unaffected by new evidence, unlike soundness, which can be influenced by the truth of the premises.