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Pistol vs. Gun — What's the Difference?

By Tayyaba Rehman & Maham Liaqat — Updated on March 13, 2024
A pistol is a handgun with a chamber integral to its barrel for firing bullets, while "gun" is a broader term encompassing firearms of various sizes and functionalities.
Pistol vs. Gun — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Pistol and Gun

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Key Differences

A pistol is a specific type of firearm designed for operation with one hand, characterized by its integral chamber-barrel construction which facilitates direct firing of bullets. Whereas, "gun" is a general term that can refer to any firearm, including rifles, shotguns, and pistols, thereby encompassing a wider range of firearms beyond just handheld ones.
Pistols are commonly used for personal defense and law enforcement due to their compact size and ease of concealment. On the other hand, guns can range from small firearms like pistols to larger weapons such as rifles and shotguns, each serving different purposes like hunting, sport shooting, and military use.
The mechanism of a pistol usually involves a shorter range and less firepower compared to long guns, due to its size and operational design. Conversely, guns as a category include weapons that can offer significantly higher power and longer range capabilities, such as rifles and shotguns.
Pistols often feature semi-automatic mechanisms, allowing for quick successive shots without manual reloading between each one. However, the term "gun" includes firearms with a variety of operating mechanisms, from manual bolt-action rifles to fully automatic machine guns.
The terminology around pistols is specific, with classifications based on their action type, caliber, and design. In contrast, "gun" is a more versatile term that requires additional context to specify the type of firearm being discussed, whether it’s for casual conversation or in legal contexts.
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Comparison Chart

Definition

A handgun with a chamber integral to its barrel, designed for one-handed use.
A broad term for any portable firearm, including pistols, rifles, and shotguns.

Usage

Personal defense, law enforcement, and competitive shooting.
Ranges from personal defense to hunting, sport shooting, and military applications.

Size

Compact and easy to conceal.
Varies widely from small handguns to large rifles and shotguns.

Power and Range

Generally lower compared to long guns.
Ranges from low (small handguns) to high (rifles and shotguns).

Mechanism

Primarily semi-automatic.
Includes semi-automatic, fully automatic, bolt-action, and more.

Compare with Definitions

Pistol

A category of handguns distinct from revolvers.
Unlike revolvers, his pistol contained a magazine for bullets.

Gun

A general term for any handheld or mounted firearm.
The soldier cleaned his gun before the mission.

Pistol

A small firearm designed to be held and operated with one hand.
The officer drew her pistol in response to the threat.

Gun

Used in various contexts including military, law enforcement, hunting, and sport shooting.
He kept a gun for protection at his home.

Pistol

A weapon commonly used in law enforcement and personal defense.
She trained regularly with her pistol to ensure her safety.

Gun

Includes firearms with different mechanisms like semi-automatic and bolt-action.
His collection includes guns of every type and era.

Pistol

A firearm with a chamber integral to the barrel.
The pistol’s design makes it quick to fire.

Gun

Can refer to weapons ranging from small handguns to large artillery pieces.
The museum displayed guns from various historical periods.

Pistol

A semi-automatic gun that fires bullets from a short barrel.
He purchased a pistol for home defense.

Gun

The term requires context to determine the specific type of firearm.
The debate on gun control encompasses many types of firearms.

Pistol

A pistol is a handgun, more specifically one with the chamber integral to its gun barrel, though in common usage the two terms are often used interchangeably. The English word was introduced in ca.

Gun

A gun is a ranged weapon designed to use a shooting tube (gun barrel) to launch typically solid projectiles, but can also project pressurized liquid (e.g. water guns/cannons, spray guns for painting or pressure washing, projected water disruptors, and technically also flamethrowers), gas (e.g.

Pistol

A handgun, especially one that is not a revolver.

Gun

A portable firearm, such as a rifle or revolver.

Pistol

(Slang) A rowdy or rambunctious person, especially a child.

Gun

A cannon with a long barrel and a relatively low angle of fire.

Pistol

To shoot with a pistol.

Gun

A device resembling a firearm or cannon, as in its ability to project something, such as grease or paint, under pressure or at great speed.

Pistol

A handgun

Gun

A discharge of a firearm or cannon as a signal or salute
Heard the guns honoring the leader.

Pistol

The mechanical component of a fuse in a bomb or torpedo responsible for firing the detonator.

Gun

One who is armed with or skilled in the use of a gun.

Pistol

A creative and unpredictable jokester, a constant source of entertainment and surprises.

Gun

The throttle of an engine, as of an automobile.

Pistol

(Southern US) A small boy who is bright, alert and very active.

Gun

Guns(Slang) The biceps muscles of the arms.

Pistol

(American football) An offensive formation in which the quarterback receives the snap at a distance behind the center, but closer than in a shotgun formation, with a running back lined up behind him.

Gun

To shoot (a person)
A bank robber who was gunned down by the police.

Pistol

(transitive) To shoot (at) a target with a pistol.

Gun

To open the throttle of (an engine) so as to accelerate
Gunned the engine and sped off.

Pistol

The smallest firearm used, intended to be fired from one hand, - now of many patterns, and bearing a great variety of names. See Illust. of Revolver.

Gun

To hunt with a gun.

Pistol

To shoot with a pistol.

Gun

A device for projecting a hard object very forcefully; a firearm or cannon.
Guns were considered improvements of crossbows and catapults.
Looking for wild meat to fill his family's freezer for the winter, the young man quietly raised up his gun at the approaching deer.

Pistol

A firearm that is held and fired with one hand

Gun

A very portable, short firearm, for hand use, which fires bullets or projectiles, such as a handgun, revolver, pistol, or Derringer.

Gun

A less portable, long firearm that fires bullets or projectiles; a rifle, either manual, automatic or semi-automatic; a flintlock, musket or shotgun.

Gun

(military) A cannon with relatively long barrel, operating with relatively low angle of fire, and having a high muzzle velocity.

Gun

(military) A cannon with a 6-inch/155mm minimum nominal bore diameter and tube length 30 calibers or more. See also: howitzer; mortar.

Gun

(figurative) A firearm or cannon used for saluting or signalling.21-gun salute

Gun

A device operated by a trigger and acting in a manner similar to a firearm.

Gun

Any implement designed to fire a projectile from a tube.
Air-pressure pellet gun
Nail gun

Gun

A device or tool that projects a substance.
Squirt gun
Spray gun
Grease gun

Gun

A device or tool that applies something rather than projecting it.
A price-label gun

Gun

(surfing) A long surfboard designed for surfing big waves (not the same as a longboard, a gun has a pointed nose and is generally a little narrower).

Gun

(cellular automata) A pattern that "fires" out other patterns.

Gun

A person who carries or uses a rifle, shotgun or handgun.

Gun

(television) An electron gun.

Gun

The biceps.

Gun

Violent blasts of wind.

Gun

An expert.

Gun

Someone excellent, surpassingly wonderful, or cool.

Gun

A magsman or street thief.

Gun

(transitive) To cause to speed up.
He gunned the engine.

Gun

(informal) To offer vigorous support to (a person or cause).
We're all gunning for you.

Gun

(informal) (gunning for something or gunning to do something) make a great effort.

Gun

To seek to attack someone; to take aim at someone; used with for.
He's been gunning for you ever since you embarrassed him at the party.

Gun

To practice fowling or hunting small game; chiefly in participial form: to go gunning.

Gun

To masturbate while observing and visible to a corrections officer.

Gun

Nonstandard spelling of going to
I'm gun go get my coat from da closet.

Gun

A weapon which throws or propels a missile to a distance; any firearm or instrument for throwing projectiles, consisting of a tube or barrel closed at one end, in which the projectile is placed, with an explosive charge (such as guncotton or gunpowder) behind, which is ignited by various means. Pistols, rifles, carbines, muskets, and fowling pieces are smaller guns, for hand use, and are called small arms. Larger guns are called cannon, ordnance, fieldpieces, carronades, howitzers, etc. See these terms in the Vocabulary.
As swift as a pellet out of a gunneWhen fire is in the powder runne.
The word gun was in use in England for an engine to cast a thing from a man long before there was any gunpowder found out.

Gun

A piece of heavy ordnance; in a restricted sense, a cannon.

Gun

Violent blasts of wind.

Gun

To practice fowling or hunting small game; - chiefly in participial form; as, to go gunning.

Gun

A weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

Gun

Large but transportable armament

Gun

A person who shoots a gun (as regards their ability)

Gun

A professional killer who uses a gun

Gun

A hand-operated pump that resembles a gun; forces grease into parts of a machine

Gun

A pedal that controls the throttle valve;
He stepped on the gas

Gun

The discharge of a gun as signal or as a salute in military ceremonies;
A twenty gun salute

Gun

Shoot with a gun

Common Curiosities

What does "gun" refer to?

"Gun" is a general term for any portable firearm, including but not limited to pistols, rifles, and shotguns.

Can the term "gun" refer to non-firearm weapons?

Typically, "gun" refers to firearms, but colloquially, it can sometimes refer to devices resembling guns, such as stun guns or water guns.

What is a pistol?

A pistol is a compact firearm designed to be operated with one hand, featuring a chamber that is integral to its barrel.

How do pistols differ from other guns?

Pistols are designed for one-handed use and are generally smaller and more compact than other types of guns, such as rifles and shotguns.

What factors affect a gun's power and range?

Factors include the type of gun, barrel length, caliber, and the ammunition used.

How do automatic pistols differ from semi-automatic pistols?

Automatic pistols can fire continuously as long as the trigger is pressed and ammunition is available, while semi-automatic pistols require one trigger pull per shot.

Is a revolver considered a pistol?

Revolvers are a type of handgun and can be considered pistols, but they differ from semi-automatic pistols in design and operation.

What is the legal classification of a gun?

Legal classifications vary by jurisdiction but generally categorize guns based on their type, function, and capabilities.

Are pistols considered less powerful than other guns?

Yes, due to their size and design, pistols usually have less firepower and a shorter range compared to long guns like rifles and shotguns.

Can anyone own a pistol or gun?

Ownership laws vary widely by country and sometimes within countries, often requiring background checks, licenses, and safety training.

What safety measures are recommended for gun owners?

Recommended measures include secure storage, using safety locks, and obtaining proper training in handling and use.

How are guns categorized?

Guns can be categorized into several types, including handguns (pistols and revolvers), rifles, shotguns, and machine guns, based on their design and intended use.

What are common uses for pistols?

Common uses include personal defense, law enforcement, and competitive shooting.

What role do pistols and guns play in sports?

They are used in various competitive sports, including target shooting and biathlon, emphasizing skill, precision, and safety.

How do cultural perceptions of pistols and guns vary?

Cultural perceptions vary widely, with guns and pistols viewed differently across societies in terms of their association with safety, freedom, or violence.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Tayyaba Rehman
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.
Co-written by
Maham Liaqat

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