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Cosmos vs. Galaxy — What's the Difference?

Edited by Tayyaba Rehman — By Fiza Rafique — Updated on April 15, 2024
Cosmos encompasses the entire universe and its phenomena, while a galaxy is a specific, vast collection of stars, dust, and gas bound by gravity.
Cosmos vs. Galaxy — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Cosmos and Galaxy

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Key Differences

The term "cosmos" refers to the entire universe, including everything that exists from the smallest particles to the largest structures and the laws of physics that govern them. Whereas, "galaxy" describes a massive, gravitationally bound system consisting of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter, representing just one of countless such entities within the cosmos.
Cosmos is used to discuss the universe in a broad, philosophical, or scientific context, often encompassing theories about the origins and overall structure of the universe. On the other hand, galaxy is a more specific term used in astronomy that focuses on particular systems within the universe, each with its unique formations and characteristics.
In the cosmos, the scale and interactions range from tiny subatomic particles to the vast expanses beyond galaxies. In contrast, a galaxy's scale is immense but confined to its boundaries defined by gravitational forces, primarily comprising its stars and other material.
While the cosmos encompasses all space and time as well as the physical laws and constants that describe them, galaxies are subject to these laws and exhibit diverse behaviors and properties influenced by their size, type, and environment.
The study of the cosmos involves multiple scientific disciplines including cosmology, physics, and philosophy, aiming to understand the universe as a whole. Meanwhile, the study of galaxies is a branch of astronomy that focuses on understanding the formation, structure, and evolution of galaxies within the larger context of the universe.
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Comparison Chart

Definition

The universe in its entirety, including all matter and energy.
A large system of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity.

Scale

Infinite, encompasses all that exists.
Large but finite, typically spanning thousands to hundreds of thousands of light-years in diameter.

Components

Everything known and unknown including galaxies, stars, planets, and physical laws.
Stars, star clusters, nebulae, and dark matter.

Study

Cosmology, which explores the universe's origins, structure, and ultimate fate.
Astronomy, focusing on the specific characteristics and dynamics of individual galaxies.

Philosophical/Scientific Context

Often discussed in theories about the universe's overall properties and mysteries.
Studied in terms of specific formations and interactions within its structure.

Compare with Definitions

Cosmos

The universe regarded as a complex and orderly system.
The beauty of the cosmos is visible not just in stars, but in the very laws that govern them.

Galaxy

Any of the collections of stellar bodies that form the universe.
Astronomers estimate that there are over two trillion galaxies in the observable universe.

Cosmos

The entire world of space and time and all its phenomena.
Scientists continue to explore the cosmos, seeking to understand more about its vast complexities.

Galaxy

Used metaphorically to represent a "universe" of something.
The gallery showcased a galaxy of modern art.

Cosmos

An orderly or harmonious system.
The cosmos was often viewed by the ancients as perfectly designed.

Galaxy

Derived from the Greek 'galaxias' meaning "milky", a reference to the Milky Way.
Galaxies are named after the milky appearance of the path of stars that can be seen in the night sky.

Cosmos

The opposite of chaos.
In mythology, cosmos often emerges from chaos.

Galaxy

A splendid assembly or array.
The award ceremony was attended by a galaxy of stars from the film industry.

Cosmos

A system of thought.
His lecture discussed the cosmos from both a scientific and philosophical perspective.

Galaxy

A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter. The word galaxy is derived from the Greek galaxias (γαλαξίας), literally "milky", a reference to the Milky Way.

Cosmos

The cosmos (UK: , US: ) is the Universe. Using the word cosmos rather than the word universe implies viewing the universe as a complex and orderly system or entity; the opposite of chaos.

Galaxy

A system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction.

Cosmos

The universe regarded as an orderly, harmonious whole.

Galaxy

Any of numerous large-scale aggregates of stars, gas, and dust that constitute the universe, containing an average of 100 billion (1011) solar masses and ranging in diameter from 1,500 to 300,000 light-years.

Cosmos

An ordered, harmonious whole.

Galaxy

Often Galaxy The Milky Way.

Cosmos

Harmony and order as distinct from chaos.

Galaxy

An assembly of brilliant, glamorous, or distinguished persons or things
A galaxy of theatrical performers.

Cosmos

Pl. cos·mos·es or cosmos Any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos in the composite family, having radiate flower heads of variously colored flowers and opposite pinnate leaves, especially C. bipinnatus and C. sulphureus, widely cultivated as garden annuals.

Galaxy

The Milky Way; the apparent band of concentrated stars which appears in the night sky over earth.

Cosmos

The universe.

Galaxy

(galaxy) Any of the collections of many millions or billions of stars, galactic dust, black holes, etc. existing as independent and coherent systems, of which there are billions in the known universe.

Cosmos

An ordered, harmonious whole.

Galaxy

(figuratively) An assemblage of things or people seen as luminous or brilliant.

Cosmos

Any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously coloured flowers and pinnate leaves.

Galaxy

Any print or pattern reminiscent of a galaxy, generally consisting of blending, semiopaque patches of vibrant color on a dark background.

Cosmos

Plural of cosmo

Galaxy

To furnish with galaxies.

Cosmos

The universe or universality of created things; - so called from the order and harmony displayed in it.

Galaxy

(archaic) To gather together into a luminous whole.

Cosmos

The theory or description of the universe, as a system displaying order and harmony.

Galaxy

The Milky Way, that luminous tract, or belt, which is seen at night stretching across the heavens, and which is composed of innumerable stars, so distant and blended as to be distinguishable only with the telescope.

Cosmos

A genus of composite plants closely related to Bidens, usually with very showy flowers, some with yellow, others with red, scarlet, purple, white, or lilac rays. They are natives of the warmer parts of America, and many species are cultivated. Cosmos bipinnatus and Cosmos diversifolius are among the best-known species; Cosmos caudatus, of the West Indies, is widely naturalized.

Galaxy

A very large collection of stars comparable in size to the Milky Way system, held together by gravitational force and separated from other such star systems by large distances of mostly empty space. Galaxies vary widely in shape and size, the most common nearby galaxies being over 70,000 light years in diameter and separated from each other by even larger distances. The number of stars in one galaxy varies, and may extend into the hundreds of billions.

Cosmos

Everything that exists anywhere;
They study the evolution of the universe
The biggest tree in existence

Galaxy

A splendid or impressive assemblage of persons or things; as, a galaxy of movie stars.

Cosmos

Any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously colored flowers and pinnate leaves; popular fall-blooming annuals

Galaxy

A splendid assemblage (especially of famous people)

Galaxy

Tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall

Galaxy

(astronomy) a collection of star systems; any of the billions of systems each having many stars and nebulae and dust;
`extragalactic nebula' is a former name for `galaxy'

Common Curiosities

What defines the cosmos?

The cosmos refers to everything that can possibly exist including space, time, matter, and energy.

Can galaxies exist outside the cosmos?

No, galaxies are integral parts of the cosmos and cannot exist outside of it.

What is the main component of a galaxy?

A galaxy primarily consists of stars, dust, and gases all bound together by gravity.

What is the difference between a galaxy and a solar system?

A galaxy contains billions of stars and solar systems, while a solar system consists of a single star and its orbiting bodies.

What is the smallest galaxy known?

Ultra-compact dwarf galaxies are among the smallest known, containing only a few billion stars.

How do the sizes of the cosmos and a galaxy compare?

The cosmos is infinitely larger as it encompasses all galaxies and everything else that exists.

How are cosmos and galaxy studied differently?

The cosmos is studied through cosmology focusing on the universe as a whole, while galaxies are studied through astronomy focusing on specific systems.

How does the study of galaxies help us understand the cosmos?

By studying galaxies, scientists can infer the structure, evolution, and history of the universe.

Are new galaxies still being discovered?

Yes, astronomers continue to discover new galaxies as telescope technology improves.

How many galaxies are there in the cosmos?

Estimates suggest there may be over two trillion galaxies in the observable cosmos.

What role do black holes play in galaxies?

Most galaxies, including the Milky Way, have supermassive black holes at their centers that influence their dynamics and evolution.

What is the largest galaxy known?

IC 1101 is one of the largest known galaxies, stretching about 6 million light-years across.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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