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Bridge vs. Hub — What's the Difference?

Edited by Tayyaba Rehman — By Fiza Rafique — Updated on May 17, 2024
A bridge connects two network segments, improving efficiency by filtering traffic, while a hub connects multiple devices in a network but does not filter traffic, leading to potential collisions.
Bridge vs. Hub — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Bridge and Hub

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Key Differences

A bridge is a network device that connects two segments of a network, allowing for efficient traffic management by filtering data packets based on MAC addresses. This process helps in reducing traffic and collisions on a network. On the other hand, a hub is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices in a network, but it does not filter traffic, leading to potential data collisions as it sends data packets to all connected devices.
Bridges operate at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and use MAC addresses to determine the destination of data packets. This capability enables bridges to reduce network congestion by only forwarding data to the segment where the destination device resides. In contrast, hubs operate at the physical layer (Layer 1) and simply replicate the data received from one port to all other ports, irrespective of the destination.
A bridge can also divide a large network into smaller segments, which can improve overall network performance by minimizing unnecessary traffic. Conversely, a hub lacks this ability and often results in network inefficiencies, especially in larger networks, due to the continuous broadcasting of data packets.
Bridges can learn and update a table of MAC addresses, allowing them to intelligently forward traffic. This learning capability makes bridges more efficient over time. Hubs, however, do not have any learning capabilities and always broadcast data to all connected devices, which can lead to higher collision rates and slower network performance.
In terms of network expansion, a bridge allows for scalable network growth by linking different network segments seamlessly. A hub, being a simpler device, is less suitable for expanding network segments as it can lead to increased data traffic and potential bottlenecks.
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Comparison Chart

OSI Layer

Data Link Layer (Layer 2)
Physical Layer (Layer 1)

Traffic Filtering

Yes, based on MAC addresses
No, broadcasts to all ports

Collision Management

Reduces collisions by filtering traffic
Higher collision rate due to broadcasting

Learning Capability

Learns and updates MAC address table
No learning capability

Network Performance

Improves by reducing unnecessary traffic
Can decrease due to continuous broadcasting

Compare with Definitions

Bridge

Operates at the data link layer of the OSI model.
The bridge ensures data packets are sent to the correct device using MAC addresses.

Hub

A device that connects multiple network devices.
The hub connected all the computers in the lab to the local network.

Bridge

A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or rail) without blocking the way underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross.

Hub

Does not filter traffic.
The hub's lack of filtering led to increased network collisions.

Bridge

A structure carrying a road, path, railway, etc. across a river, road, or other obstacle
A bridge across the River Thames
A railway bridge

Hub

Operates at the physical layer of the OSI model.
The hub functions at the most basic level of network communication.

Bridge

The elevated, enclosed platform on a ship from which the captain and officers direct operations
Talbot stepped across the two gunwales and made his way up to the bridge

Hub

Boston, Massachusetts. Used with the.

Bridge

The upper bony part of a person's nose
He pushed his spectacles further up the bridge of his nose

Hub

The center part of a wheel, fan, or propeller.

Bridge

A partial denture supported by natural teeth on either side.

Hub

A center of activity or interest; a focal point
Hollywood is the hub of the US movie industry.

Bridge

The part of a stringed instrument over which the strings are stretched
Ebony bridges and fingerboards

Hub

The central part, usually cylindrical, of a wheel; the nave.

Bridge

A bridge passage or middle eight.

Hub

A point where many routes meet and traffic is distributed, dispensed, or diverted.
Hong Kong International Airport is one of the most important air traffic hubs in Asia.

Bridge

The support for the tip of a billiard cue formed by the hand.

Hub

A central facility providing a range of related services, such as a medical hub or an educational hub.

Bridge

An electric circuit with two branches across which a detector or load is connected, used to measure resistance or other property by equalizing the potential across the two ends of a detector, or to rectify an alternating voltage or current.

Hub

(networking) A computer networking device connecting several Ethernet ports. See switch.

Bridge

A card game related to whist, played by two partnerships of two players who at the beginning of each hand bid for the right to name the trump suit, the highest bid also representing a contract to make a specified number of tricks with a specified suit as trumps.

Hub

(surveying) A stake with a nail in it, used to mark a temporary point.

Bridge

Be or make a bridge over (something)
Earlier attempts to bridge St George's Channel had failed
A covered walkway bridged the gardens

Hub

A male weasel; a buck; a dog; a jack.

Bridge

A structure spanning and providing passage over a gap or barrier, such as a river or roadway.

Hub

(US) A rough protuberance or projecting obstruction.
A hub in the road

Bridge

Something resembling or analogous to this structure in form or function
A land bridge between the continents.
A bridge of understanding between two countries.

Hub

(video games) An area in a video game from which individual levels are accessed.

Bridge

The upper bony ridge of the human nose.

Hub

A goal or mark at which quoits, etc., are thrown.

Bridge

The part of a pair of eyeglasses that rests against this ridge.

Hub

A hardened, engraved steel punch for impressing a device upon a die, used in coining, etc.

Bridge

A fixed or removable replacement for one or several but not all of the natural teeth, usually anchored at each end to a natural tooth.

Hub

A screw hob.

Bridge

A thin, upright piece of wood in some stringed instruments that supports the strings above the soundboard.

Hub

A block for scotching a wheel.

Bridge

A transitional passage connecting two subjects or movements.

Hub

The central part, usually cylindrical, of a wheel; the nave. See Illust. of Axle box.

Bridge

(Nautical) A crosswise platform or enclosed area above the main deck of a ship from which the ship is controlled.

Hub

The hilt of a weapon.

Bridge

A long stick with a notched plate at one end, used to steady the cue in billiards. Also called rest1.

Hub

A rough protuberance or projecting obstruction; as, a hub in the road. [U.S.] See Hubby.

Bridge

The hand used as a support to steady the cue.

Hub

A goal or mark at which quoits, etc., are cast.

Bridge

Any of various instruments for measuring or comparing the characteristics, such as impedance or inductance, of a conductor.

Hub

A hardened, engraved steel punch for impressing a device upon a die, used in coining, etc.

Bridge

An electrical shunt.

Hub

A screw hob. See Hob, 3.

Bridge

(Chemistry) An intramolecular connection that spans atoms or groups of atoms.

Hub

A block for scotching a wheel.

Bridge

Any of several card games derived from whist, usually played by four people in two partnerships, in which trump is determined by bidding and the hand opposite the declarer is played as a dummy.

Hub

The central location within which activities tend to concentrate, or from which activities radiate outward; a focus of activity.

Bridge

To build a bridge over.

Hub

A large airport used as a central transfer station for an airline, permitting economic air transportation between remote locations by directing travellers through the hub, often changing planes at the hub, and thus keeping the seat occupancy rate on the airplanes high. The hub together with the feeder lines from remote locations constitute the so-called hub and spoke system of commercial air passenger transportation. A commercial airline may have more than one such hub.

Bridge

To cross by or as if by a bridge.

Hub

The city of Boston, Massachusetts referred to locally by the nickname The Hub.

Bridge

A construction or natural feature that spans a divide.

Hub

The central part of a car wheel (or fan or propeller etc) through which the shaft or axle passes

Bridge

A construction spanning a waterway, ravine, or valley from an elevated height, allowing for the passage of vehicles, pedestrians, trains, etc.
The rope bridge crosses the river.

Hub

A center of activity or interest or commerce or transportation; a focal point around which events revolve;
The playground is the hub of parental supervision
The airport is the economic hub of the area

Bridge

(anatomy) The upper bony ridge of the human nose.
Rugby players often break the bridge of their noses.

Hub

Broadcasts data to all connected devices.
Every message sent through the hub is received by all devices, regardless of the destination.

Bridge

(dentistry) A prosthesis replacing one or several adjacent teeth.
The dentist pulled out the decayed tooth and put in a bridge.

Hub

Simplifies network setup.
The hub made it easy to connect and manage several devices in the small office network.

Bridge

(bowling) The gap between the holes on a bowling ball

Bridge

An arch or superstructure.

Bridge

(nautical) An elevated platform above the upper deck of a mechanically propelled ship from which it is navigated and from which all activities on deck can be seen and controlled by the captain, etc; smaller ships have a wheelhouse, and sailing ships were controlled from a quarterdeck.
The first officer is on the bridge.

Bridge

The piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board.

Bridge

A particular form of one hand placed on the table to support the cue when making a shot in cue sports.

Bridge

A cue modified with a convex arch-shaped notched head attached to the narrow end, used to support a player's (shooter's) cue for extended or tedious shots. Also called a spider.

Bridge

Anything supported at the ends and serving to keep some other thing from resting upon the object spanned, as in engraving, watchmaking, etc., or which forms a platform or staging over which something passes or is conveyed.

Bridge

(wrestling) A defensive position in which the wrestler is supported by his feet and head, belly-up, in order to prevent touch-down of the shoulders and eventually to dislodge an opponent who has established a position on top.

Bridge

(gymnastics) A similar position in gymnastics.

Bridge

A connection, real or abstract.

Bridge

(medicine) A rudimentary procedure before definite solution
ECMO is used as a bridge to surgery to stabilize the patient.

Bridge

(computing) A device which connects two or more computer buses, typically in a transparent manner.
This chip is the bridge between the front-side bus and the I/O bus.

Bridge

(programming) A software component connecting two or more separate systems.

Bridge

(networking) A system which connects two or more local area networks at layer 2 of OSI model.
The LAN bridge uses a spanning tree algorithm.

Bridge

(chemistry) An intramolecular valence bond, atom or chain of atoms that connects two different parts of a molecule; the atoms so connected being bridgeheads.

Bridge

(electronics) An unintended solder connection between two or more components or pins.

Bridge

(music) A contrasting section within a song that prepares for the return of the original material section.
The lyrics in the song's bridge inverted its meaning.
In the bridge of his 2011 song "It Will Rain", Bruno Mars begs his lover not to "say goodbye."

Bridge

(graph theory) An edge which, if removed, changes a connected graph to one that is not connected.

Bridge

(poetry) A point in a line where a break in a word unit cannot occur.

Bridge

(diplomacy) A statement, such as an offer, that signals a possibility of accord.

Bridge

A day falling between two public holidays and consequently designated as an additional holiday.

Bridge

(electronics) Any of several electrical devices that measure characteristics such as impedance and inductance by balancing different parts of a circuit

Bridge

A low wall or vertical partition in the fire chamber of a furnace, for deflecting flame, etc.; a bridge wall.

Bridge

(cycling) The situation where a lone rider or small group of riders closes the space between them and the rider or group in front.

Bridge

A solid crust of undissolved salt in a water softener.

Bridge

(roller derby) An elongated chain of teammates, connected to the pack, for improved blocking potential.

Bridge

(card games) A card game played with four players playing as two teams of two players each.
Bidding is an essential element of the game of bridge.

Bridge

To be or make a bridge over something.
With enough cable, we can bridge this gorge.

Bridge

To span as if with a bridge.
The two groups were able to bridge their differences.

Bridge

(music) To transition from one piece or section of music to another without stopping.
We need to bridge that jam into "The Eleven".

Bridge

To connect two or more computer buses, networks etc. with a bridge.

Bridge

(wrestling) To go to the bridge position.

Bridge

(roller derby) To employ the bridge tactic. (See Noun section.)

Bridge

A structure, usually of wood, stone, brick, or iron, erected over a river or other water course, or over a chasm, railroad, etc., to make a passageway from one bank to the other.

Bridge

Anything supported at the ends, which serves to keep some other thing from resting upon the object spanned, as in engraving, watchmaking, etc., or which forms a platform or staging over which something passes or is conveyed.

Bridge

The small arch or bar at right angles to the strings of a violin, guitar, etc., serving of raise them and transmit their vibrations to the body of the instrument.

Bridge

A device to measure the resistance of a wire or other conductor forming part of an electric circuit.

Bridge

A low wall or vertical partition in the fire chamber of a furnace, for deflecting flame, etc.; - usually called a bridge wall.

Bridge

A card game resembling whist.

Bridge

To build a bridge or bridges on or over; as, to bridge a river.
Their simple engineering bridged with felled trees the streams which could not be forded.

Bridge

To open or make a passage, as by a bridge.
Xerxes . . . over HellespontBridging his way, Europe with Asia joined.

Bridge

To find a way of getting over, as a difficulty; - generally with over.

Bridge

A structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

Bridge

A circuit consisting of two branches (4 arms arranged in a diamond configuration) across which a meter is connected

Bridge

Something resembling a bridge in form or function;
His letters provided a bridge across the centuries

Bridge

The hard ridge that forms the upper part of the nose;
Her glasses left marks on the bridge of her nose

Bridge

Any of various card games based on whist for four players

Bridge

A wooden support that holds the strings up

Bridge

A denture anchored to teeth on either side of missing teeth

Bridge

The link between two lenses; rests on nose

Bridge

An upper deck where a ship is steered and the captain stands

Bridge

Connect or reduce the distance between

Bridge

Make a bridge across;
Bridge a river

Bridge

Cross over on a bridge

Bridge

A device that connects two network segments.
The network administrator installed a bridge to connect the office's two LANs.

Bridge

Filters traffic based on MAC addresses.
The bridge prevents unnecessary traffic by forwarding data only to the intended segment.

Bridge

Reduces network collisions.
Using a bridge in the network setup significantly reduced data collisions.

Bridge

Learns and updates a table of MAC addresses.
The bridge continuously learns and stores MAC addresses to improve traffic management.

Common Curiosities

Does a hub filter traffic?

No, a hub broadcasts data to all connected devices.

What layer of the OSI model does a bridge operate at?

A bridge operates at the data link layer (Layer 2).

Which device is more suitable for a larger network, a bridge or a hub?

A bridge is more suitable for a larger network due to its traffic filtering capabilities.

Does a bridge filter traffic?

Yes, a bridge filters traffic based on MAC addresses.

What happens to data packets in a bridge?

Data packets in a bridge are forwarded only to the intended segment.

What is the primary function of a bridge in a network?

The primary function of a bridge is to connect and filter traffic between two network segments.

Can a hub learn and update MAC addresses?

No, a hub does not have the capability to learn or update MAC addresses.

What layer of the OSI model does a hub operate at?

A hub operates at the physical layer (Layer 1).

Which device reduces network collisions, a bridge or a hub?

A bridge reduces network collisions by filtering traffic.

What happens to data packets in a hub?

Data packets in a hub are broadcast to all connected devices.

How does a hub affect network traffic?

A hub can increase network traffic and collisions by broadcasting data to all devices.

Can a bridge learn and update MAC addresses?

Yes, a bridge learns and updates a table of MAC addresses to manage traffic.

Does a bridge operate at a higher or lower layer than a hub?

A bridge operates at a higher layer (Layer 2) than a hub (Layer 1).

What is the primary function of a hub in a network?

The primary function of a hub is to connect multiple devices in a network.

How does a bridge improve network performance?

A bridge improves network performance by reducing unnecessary traffic and collisions.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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