Bowfin vs. Dogfish — What's the Difference?

Bowfin (Amia calva), primarily found in slow-moving waters of North America, is distinguished by its long dorsal fin and ability to breathe both water and air, thanks to a lung-like air bladder. This makes it adaptable in low-oxygen environments. On the other hand, dogfish, particularly the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), inhabit various saltwater environments worldwide and are recognized by their spiny dorsal fins, used as a defense mechanism against predators.

In terms of diet, bowfin are opportunistic predators, consuming fish, crustaceans, and insects. They are known for their aggressive nature and strength. Conversely, dogfish typically feed on smaller fish, jellyfish, and crustaceans. They are often found in large schools and can live up to several decades, making them a target for long-term commercial fishing.

The reproductive habits of bowfin include spawning in shallow, vegetated waters, where males guard the nests aggressively. In contrast, dogfish sharks are ovoviviparous, with females carrying eggs that hatch internally, and giving birth to live young, which makes their reproductive cycle slower and more susceptible to overfishing impacts.

Bowfin are often considered a sport fish in their native regions, though not highly valued commercially. In contrast, various dogfish species are sought after for their meat, liver oil, and fins, playing significant roles in global fisheries but also leading to concerns about sustainability and conservation.

Conservation status differs significantly between the two, with bowfin generally being abundant in their range, while many dogfish species have faced declines due to overfishing and are subject to international conservation efforts.