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Audit vs. Survey — What's the Difference?

By Fiza Rafique & Urooj Arif — Updated on March 28, 2024
An audit evaluates compliance with standards or regulations, while a survey gathers opinions or information through questions.
Audit vs. Survey — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Audit and Survey

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Key Differences

An audit is a formal examination of an organization's or individual's accounts, processes, or systems to ensure accuracy, compliance with standards, and efficiency. Audits are conducted by trained professionals who use systematic methods to evaluate evidence and procedures. Surveys, in contrast, are research methods used to collect data from a sample of individuals through questionnaires or interviews, aiming to gather opinions, behaviors, or factual information.
Audits are often mandatory and regulatory, conducted to meet legal requirements, assess financial records, or verify compliance with industry standards. They play a crucial role in maintaining transparency and accountability in financial and operational practices. Surveys, on the other hand, are generally voluntary and designed to capture a wide range of data, from customer satisfaction and market research to social opinions and demographic information, offering flexibility in research design and application.
The methodology of an audit involves detailed examination and verification of documents, processes, and systems against established standards or criteria. This can include financial audits, compliance audits, and operational audits, each with specific objectives and methodologies. Surveys, however, utilize questionnaires or interviews with open-ended or closed-ended questions, designed to elicit information that reflects the respondents' perceptions, experiences, or knowledge.
Audits result in findings that can lead to recommendations for improvement, corrections of errors, or certification of compliance. The outcomes of audits can have significant implications for the audited entity, including financial adjustments, changes in practices, or legal ramifications. Survey results, in contrast, provide insights into trends, attitudes, or behaviors that can inform policy decisions, market strategies, or academic research, without the direct regulatory or compliance implications of audits.
While audits and surveys serve different purposes and employ distinct methodologies, both are essential tools in organizational and research contexts. Audits ensure that organizations adhere to standards and regulations, enhancing trust and efficiency, whereas surveys offer valuable insights into public opinion, market trends, or specific populations, guiding decision-making and strategy.
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Comparison Chart

Purpose

To evaluate compliance and accuracy.
To gather opinions or factual information.

Nature

Mandatory and regulatory.
Generally voluntary and exploratory.

Methodology

Systematic examination and verification.
Collection of data through questions.

Outcome

Findings and recommendations for compliance or improvement.
Insights into trends, attitudes, or behaviors.

Professional Role

Conducted by auditors or regulatory professionals.
Conducted by researchers or analysts.

Scope

Focused on compliance with standards or laws.
Broad, covering various topics and populations.

Implementation

Requires access to documents and internal processes.
Utilizes questionnaires or interviews.

Implications

Can have legal or financial ramifications.
Informs decision-making or research.

Examples

Financial audit, compliance audit.
Customer satisfaction survey, market research survey.

Compare with Definitions

Audit

Formal Examination of Accounts.
The company undergoes an annual financial audit to ensure its accounts are in order.

Survey

Collection of Data through Questionnaires.
The survey asked participants about their television viewing habits.

Audit

Systematic Method to Evaluate Evidence.
The audit involved a thorough review of the procurement process.

Survey

Tool for Customer Satisfaction Measurement.
The restaurant uses customer satisfaction surveys to improve its service.

Audit

Assessment of Compliance with Standards.
The safety audit revealed the need for better emergency procedures.

Survey

Means to Explore Market Trends.
The market research survey identified consumer preferences for eco-friendly products.

Audit

Certification of Compliance.
After the audit, the organization received certification for its quality management system.

Survey

Research Method to Gather Opinions.
A public opinion survey was conducted before the election.

Audit

Verification of Processes.
An environmental audit assessed the factory's adherence to sustainability practices.

Survey

Instrument for Academic Research.
Her survey gathered data on the impact of social media on youth.

Audit

Attend academic courses without getting credit

Survey

To look over the parts, features, or contents of; view broadly
Surveyed the neighborhood from a rooftop.
Surveyed the shelves in the pantry.

Audit

An audit is an "independent examination of financial information of any entity, whether profit oriented or not, irrespective of its size or legal form when such an examination is conducted with a view to express an opinion thereon.” Auditing also attempts to ensure that the books of accounts are properly maintained by the concern as required by law. Auditors consider the propositions before them, obtain evidence, and evaluate the propositions in their auditing report.Audits provide third-party assurance to various stakeholders that the subject matter is free from material misstatement.

Survey

To look at or examine carefully and appraise
Surveyed the storm damage. ].

Audit

An examination of records or financial accounts to check their accuracy.

Survey

The act of surveying; a general view.

Audit

An adjustment or correction of accounts.

Survey

A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of a particular group of items, in order to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality.
A survey of the stores of a ship; a survey of roads and bridges; a survey of buildings.

Audit

An examined and verified account.

Survey

The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of any part of the Earth's surface.

Audit

A thorough examination or evaluation
An audit of water use.

Survey

A measured plan and description of any portion of country.
The owners of the adjoining plots had conflicting surveys.

Audit

To examine, verify, or correct the financial accounts of
Independent accountants audit the company annually. The IRS audits questionable income tax returns.

Survey

An examination of the opinions of a group of people.
The local council conducted a survey of its residents to help it decide whether to go ahead with the roadside waste collection service.

Audit

To attend (a course) without requesting or receiving academic credit.

Survey

A questionnaire or similar instrument used for examining the opinions of a group of people.
I just filled out that survey on roadside waste pick-up.

Audit

To examine or evaluate (something) thoroughly
Audit a house's energy consumption.

Survey

(historical) An auction at which a farm is let for a lease for lives.

Audit

To conduct an audit.

Survey

(US) A district for the collection of customs under a particular officer.

Audit

A judicial examination.

Survey

To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook
He stood on a hill, and surveyed the surrounding country.

Audit

An examination in general.

Survey

To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.

Audit

An independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures
National Assembly audit

Survey

To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of
It was his job to survey buildings in order to determine their value and risks.

Audit

The result of such an examination, or an account as adjusted by auditors; final account.

Survey

To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular measurements, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry
To survey land or a coast

Audit

(Scientology) Spiritual counseling, which forms the core of Dianetics.

Survey

To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.

Audit

(obsolete) A general receptacle or receiver.

Survey

To investigate the opinions, experiences, etc., of people by asking them questions; to conduct a survey; to administer a questionnaire.

Audit

(obsolete) An audience; a hearing.

Survey

To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook; as, to stand on a hill, and survey the surrounding country.
Round he surveys and well might, where he stood,So high above.

Audit

To examine and adjust (e.g. an account).
To audit the accounts of a treasure, or of parties who have a suit depending in court

Survey

To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.
With such altered looks, . . . All pale and speechless, he surveyed me round.

Audit

To conduct an independent review and examination of system records and activities in order to test the adequacy and effectiveness of data security and data integrity procedures, to ensure compliance with established policy and operational procedures, and to recommend any necessary changes

Survey

To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of; as, to survey a building in order to determine its value and exposure to loss by fire.

Audit

(Scientology) To counsel spiritually.

Survey

To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular measurments, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry; as, to survey land or a coast.

Audit

To attend an academic class without the opportunity to receive academic credit.

Survey

To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.

Audit

An audience; a hearing.
He appeals to a high audit.

Survey

The act of surveying; a general view, as from above.
Under his proud survey the city lies.

Audit

An examination in general; a judicial examination.

Survey

A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of all the parts or particulars of a thing, with a design to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality; as, a survey of the stores of a ship; a survey of roads and bridges; a survey of buildings.

Audit

The result of such an examination, or an account as adjusted by auditors; final account.
Yet I can make my audit up.

Survey

The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of, as any part of the earth's surface, whether land or water; also, a measured plan and description of any portion of country, or of a road or line through it.

Audit

A general receptacle or receiver.
It [a little brook] paid to its common audit no more than the revenues of a little cloud.

Survey

A detailed critical inspection

Audit

To examine and adjust, as an account or accounts; as, to audit the accounts of a treasure, or of parties who have a suit depending in court.

Survey

Short descriptive summary (of events)

Audit

To settle or adjust an account.
Let Hocus audit; he knows how the money was disbursed.

Survey

The act of looking or seeing or observing;
He tried to get a better view of it
His survey of the battlefield was limited

Audit

An inspection of the accounting procedures and records by a trained accountant or CPA

Survey

Consider in a comprehensive way;
He appraised the situation carefully before acting

Audit

A methodical examination or review of a condition or situation;
He made an audit of all the plants on his property
An energy efficiency audit
An email log audit

Survey

Look over in a comprehensively, inspect;
He surveyed his new classmates

Audit

Of accounts and tax returns; with the intent to verify

Survey

Keep under surveillance;
The police had been following him for weeks but they could not prove his involvement in the bombing

Survey

Hold a review (of troops)

Survey

Make a survey of; for statistical purposes

Survey

Plot a map of (land)

Common Curiosities

Why are surveys important in market research?

Surveys are crucial in market research as they provide insights into consumer behaviors, preferences, and trends, guiding product development and marketing strategies.

What is the main purpose of an audit?

The main purpose of an audit is to evaluate an entity's compliance with specific standards, regulations, or conditions, ensuring accuracy and accountability.

What differentiates an audit from a survey?

An audit is a formal, often mandatory examination focusing on compliance and accuracy, while a survey is a voluntary method of gathering diverse information through questions.

How do surveys collect data?

Surveys collect data through questionnaires or interviews that include open-ended or closed-ended questions, targeting a specific population.

Can audits lead to legal consequences?

Yes, audits can have legal ramifications if non-compliance or significant discrepancies are found, potentially leading to fines or other penalties.

How can survey results be used?

Survey results can inform decision-making, policy development, market strategies, and academic research by providing data on trends, attitudes, and behaviors.

What are the types of audits?

Common types of audits include financial audits, compliance audits, and operational audits, each focusing on different aspects of an entity's operations.

Can anyone conduct a survey?

While anyone can conduct a survey, effective survey design and analysis typically require understanding of research methods and statistical analysis.

Who conducts audits?

Audits are conducted by trained auditors or regulatory professionals specialized in the field relevant to the audit's focus, such as finance or quality management.

What happens if an audit finds discrepancies?

If discrepancies are found, the audited entity may need to make financial adjustments, implement corrective actions, or face legal consequences.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Co-written by
Urooj Arif
Urooj is a skilled content writer at Ask Difference, known for her exceptional ability to simplify complex topics into engaging and informative content. With a passion for research and a flair for clear, concise writing, she consistently delivers articles that resonate with our diverse audience.

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